motor-driver-dat

legacy wiki page

Board

chips

stepper motor

and more

Chip function lists

  • overcurrent / thermal shutdown protection / microstepping / precise motor control

Comparison

TB6612FNG vs. L298N

Feature TB6612FNG L298N
Motor Voltage Range 2.5V – 13.5V 5V – 46V
Logic Voltage Range 2.7V – 5.5V 5V – 7V
Continuous Current / ch ~1.2A 2A
Peak Current / ch 3.2A (short bursts) 3A (non-repetitive)
Efficiency High (CMOS) Low (Bipolar)
Voltage Drop ~0.2V ~1.8V – 3V
Heat Output Low High
PWM Frequency Support Up to 100 kHz <25 kHz
Size Small, modern Large, bulky
Cost Moderate Low

more options

Chip/Module Voltage Range Continuous Current PWM Freq. Features & Notes
TB6612FNG 2.5V – 13.5V 1.2A/ch (3.2A peak) Up to 100kHz Efficient CMOS, low heat, great for small robots
DRV8833 2.7V – 10.8V 1.5A/ch (2A peak) Up to 250kHz Compact, efficient, built-in protection, ideal for small DC motors
DRV8871 6.5V – 45V 3.6A (6A peak) ~100kHz Single-channel, robust, good for mid-power motors
DRV8876 4.5V – 37V 3.5A (5A peak) ~100kHz Smart current regulation, overtemp/short protection
MC33926 5V – 28V 3A (5A peak) Up to 20kHz Automotive-grade, robust with fault reporting
VNH5019 5.5V – 24V 12A (30A peak) ~20kHz High-power, onboard protection, great for large motors
BTN7960B 5.5V – 27V 43A (55A peak) ~25kHz High-current half-bridge, excellent for industrial/heavy-duty applications

Relay-Based H-Bridge

you can control a high current DC motor using relays to switch it ON/OFF and to control clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) rotation by reversing the polarity with an H-Bridge made from relays.


How It Works: Relay-Based H-Bridge

A DC motor reverses direction by reversing the polarity of the voltage applied to its terminals. An H-Bridge uses 4 relays to achieve this.


Relay-Based H-Bridge Configuration (4-Relay Method)

Components

  • 4 relays (DPST or SPST) rated for motor voltage and stall current
  • Flyback diodes across relay coils
  • Flyback diodes across motor terminals (recommended)
  • Control logic (manual switches or microcontroller)

Operation Modes

Relay 1 Relay 2 Relay 3 Relay 4 Motor Direction
ON OFF ON OFF Clockwise
OFF ON OFF ON Counter-Clockwise
OFF OFF OFF OFF Motor OFF

Important: Never activate relays that create a short circuit (e.g., Relay 1 and Relay 2 ON simultaneously). Use interlock logic.


Important Considerations

  1. Relay Ratings: Must handle the motor's voltage and stall current (stall current can be 5–10× running current).
  2. Flyback Diodes: Required across relay coils and motor terminals to protect from voltage spikes.
  3. Logic Interlock: Ensure relays cannot be activated in conflicting states.
  4. Switching Delay: Turn OFF all relays briefly before changing direction to avoid shorts and damage.

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