mechanism-dat

differential

A differential is an essential device in a vehicle’s drivetrain, usually located in the drive axle.

Main Functions

  1. Allow different wheel speeds

    • When driving straight, both wheels rotate at the same speed.
    • When turning, the outside wheel must travel farther, so it rotates faster.
    • The differential lets wheels rotate at different speeds while still receiving power.
  2. Torque distribution

    • Splits engine torque and delivers it to both wheels.
  3. Improved handling and stability

    • Without a differential, turning would be difficult and could cause tire wear or drivetrain damage.

Common Types

  • Open Differential

    • Simple, common type.
    • Loses traction if one wheel slips.
  • Limited Slip Differential (LSD)

    • Restricts excessive wheel speed difference.
    • Improves traction on slippery surfaces.
  • Locking Differential

    • Forces both wheels to rotate at the same speed.
    • Useful in off-road conditions.
  • Active Differential

    • Electronically controlled.
    • Adjusts torque distribution dynamically based on driving conditions.

ref

https://www.notesandsketches.co.uk/Mechanisms_module.html