BOM-DAT/Resistor-Dat/resistor-burden-dat/resistor-burden-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,78 +1,78 @@
1
-
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-# burden-resistor-dat
3
-
4
-
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-
6
-
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-
8
-A burden resistor is a component used with current transformers (CTs). - [[current-transformer-dat]]
9
-
10
-- used by [[SVC1035-dat]] and [[SVC1038-dat]] == 100K 2512
11
-
12
-
13
-
14
-## Purpose:
15
-
16
-**Convert Current to Voltage**: The primary function of a burden resistor is to convert the current output of a current transformer into a voltage signal. CTs are designed to produce a current in their secondary winding that is proportional to the current in their primary winding.
17
-
18
-Many measurement circuits (like analog-to-digital converters in microcontrollers) are designed to read voltage, not current directly.
19
-
20
-The burden resistor, when placed across the secondary winding of the CT, allows this current to develop a voltage across it (V = I * R).
21
-
22
-**Provide a Load**: It provides a necessary load for the current transformer. Operating a CT without a burden (i.e., with an open-circuited secondary) can lead to dangerously high voltages across the secondary terminals, potentially damaging the CT or posing a safety hazard.
23
-Selection:
24
-
25
-The value of the burden resistor is chosen based on the CT's characteristics (like its turns ratio and maximum secondary current) and the desired output voltage range for the measurement circuitry.
26
-
27
-It's important **not to choose a burden resistor value that is too high**, as this can lead to saturation of the CT core, causing inaccurate readings.
28
-
29
-
30
-In summary, a burden resistor is crucial for safely and accurately measuring current using a current transformer by converting its current output to a measurable voltage and providing a safe operating load.
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-
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-
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-
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-
35
-
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-# sample-resistor-dat
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-
38
-![](2025-05-20-13-40-57.png)
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-
40
-![](2025-05-20-13-41-43.png)
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-
42
-- footprint 2512
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-
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-![](2025-05-20-13-43-59.png)
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-
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-- [[HLW8032-faq-dat]]
47
-
48
-- 0.003Ω_3W = The 10A version uses a 0.003Ω (3mΩ) sampling resistor, and its current coefficient is 0.333.
49
-- 0.001Ω_3W = The 20A version uses a 0.001Ω (1mΩ) sampling resistor, and its current coefficient is 1.
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-
51
-R0003 = 0.3 mR
52
-
53
-
54
-## Manganese-copper resistor
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-
56
-![](2025-05-29-14-57-40.png)
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-
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-## Iron-Chromium-Aluminum resistor
59
-
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-## 3W / 5W / 7W
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-
62
-![](2025-05-29-14-58-40.png)
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-
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-## Testing precision
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-
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-![](2025-05-29-14-59-23.png)
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-
68
-
69
-## ref
70
-
71
-- [[resistor-dat]] - [[resistor-sample]] - [[resistor]]
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-
73
--
74
-
75
-
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-## ref
77
-
1
+
2
+# burden-resistor-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+
6
+
7
+
8
+A burden resistor is a component used with current transformers (CTs). - [[current-transformer-dat]]
9
+
10
+- used by [[SVC1035-dat]] and [[SVC1038-dat]] == 100K 2512
11
+
12
+
13
+
14
+## Purpose:
15
+
16
+**Convert Current to Voltage**: The primary function of a burden resistor is to convert the current output of a current transformer into a voltage signal. CTs are designed to produce a current in their secondary winding that is proportional to the current in their primary winding.
17
+
18
+Many measurement circuits (like analog-to-digital converters in microcontrollers) are designed to read voltage, not current directly.
19
+
20
+The burden resistor, when placed across the secondary winding of the CT, allows this current to develop a voltage across it (V = I * R).
21
+
22
+**Provide a Load**: It provides a necessary load for the current transformer. Operating a CT without a burden (i.e., with an open-circuited secondary) can lead to dangerously high voltages across the secondary terminals, potentially damaging the CT or posing a safety hazard.
23
+Selection:
24
+
25
+The value of the burden resistor is chosen based on the CT's characteristics (like its turns ratio and maximum secondary current) and the desired output voltage range for the measurement circuitry.
26
+
27
+It's important **not to choose a burden resistor value that is too high**, as this can lead to saturation of the CT core, causing inaccurate readings.
28
+
29
+
30
+In summary, a burden resistor is crucial for safely and accurately measuring current using a current transformer by converting its current output to a measurable voltage and providing a safe operating load.
31
+
32
+
33
+
34
+
35
+
36
+# sample-resistor-dat
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+
38
+![](2025-05-20-13-40-57.png)
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+
40
+![](2025-05-20-13-41-43.png)
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+
42
+- footprint 2512
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+
44
+![](2025-05-20-13-43-59.png)
45
+
46
+- [[HLW8032-faq-dat]]
47
+
48
+- 0.003Ω_3W = The 10A version uses a 0.003Ω (3mΩ) sampling resistor, and its current coefficient is 0.333.
49
+- 0.001Ω_3W = The 20A version uses a 0.001Ω (1mΩ) sampling resistor, and its current coefficient is 1.
50
+
51
+R0003 = 0.3 mR
52
+
53
+
54
+## Manganese-copper resistor
55
+
56
+![](2025-05-29-14-57-40.png)
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+
58
+## Iron-Chromium-Aluminum resistor
59
+
60
+## 3W / 5W / 7W
61
+
62
+![](2025-05-29-14-58-40.png)
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+
64
+## Testing precision
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+
66
+![](2025-05-29-14-59-23.png)
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+
68
+
69
+## ref
70
+
71
+- [[resistor-dat]] - [[resistor-sample]] - [[resistor]]
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+
73
+-
74
+
75
+
76
+## ref
77
+
78 78
- [[resistor-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
BOM-DAT/Resistor-Dat/resistor-load-dat/resistor-load-dat.md
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@@ -1,47 +1,47 @@
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-
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-
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-# resistor-load-dat.md
4
-
5
-- [[OPM1073-dat]] - [[resistor-load-dat]]
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-
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-== dummy load
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-
9
-RX21-10W 5RJ == 5R
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-
11
-![](2026-05-03-18-32-20.png)
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-
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-The **RX21-10W 5RJ** is a high-power wirewound resistor commonly used in industrial circuits, power supplies, and motor control projects where heat dissipation is required.
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-
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-### 1. Breakdown of Part Number
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-
17
-| Code | Meaning | Details |
18
-| :--- | :--- | :--- |
19
-| **RX21** | **Type/Series** | Wirewound resistor with a heat-resistant glaze/enamel coating. |
20
-| **10W** | **Power Rating** | Maximum power dissipation of **10 Watts**. |
21
-| **5R** | **Resistance** | **5.0 Ω** (Ohms). The "R" represents the decimal point. |
22
-| **J** | **Tolerance** | **±5%** precision (actual range: 4.75Ω to 5.25Ω). |
23
-
24
-### 2. Physical Construction
25
-These resistors consist of a resistive wire (often Nichrome) wound around a ceramic core and sealed with a protective coating. This construction allows them to withstand high temperatures and temporary power surges better than carbon film resistors.
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-
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-
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-
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-### 3. Technical Specifications
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-
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-* **Resistance:** 5 Ω
32
-* **Power Dissipation:** 10 Watts (Max)
33
-* **Tolerance:** ±5%
34
-* **Coating:** Typically Green or Grey Silicone/Enamel Glaze
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-* **Mounting:** Axial leads (through-hole)
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-
37
-### 4. Application Notes
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-
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-* **Heat Management:** At its full 10W rating, this resistor will become extremely hot (often exceeding 100°C). Ensure it is mounted with adequate clearance from PCBs or plastic enclosures.
40
-* **Inductance:** Because it is "wirewound," it has a small amount of inherent inductance. It is ideal for DC or low-frequency AC applications but may not be suitable for high-frequency RF circuits.
41
-* **Common Uses:** * Current limiting in LED arrays.
42
- * Inrush current protection.
43
- * Brake resistors for small motors.
44
- * Dummy loads for testing power supplies.
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-
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-
1
+
2
+
3
+# resistor-load-dat.md
4
+
5
+- [[OPM1073-dat]] - [[resistor-load-dat]]
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+
7
+== dummy load
8
+
9
+RX21-10W 5RJ == 5R
10
+
11
+![](2026-05-03-18-32-20.png)
12
+
13
+The **RX21-10W 5RJ** is a high-power wirewound resistor commonly used in industrial circuits, power supplies, and motor control projects where heat dissipation is required.
14
+
15
+### 1. Breakdown of Part Number
16
+
17
+| Code | Meaning | Details |
18
+| :--- | :--- | :--- |
19
+| **RX21** | **Type/Series** | Wirewound resistor with a heat-resistant glaze/enamel coating. |
20
+| **10W** | **Power Rating** | Maximum power dissipation of **10 Watts**. |
21
+| **5R** | **Resistance** | **5.0 Ω** (Ohms). The "R" represents the decimal point. |
22
+| **J** | **Tolerance** | **±5%** precision (actual range: 4.75Ω to 5.25Ω). |
23
+
24
+### 2. Physical Construction
25
+These resistors consist of a resistive wire (often Nichrome) wound around a ceramic core and sealed with a protective coating. This construction allows them to withstand high temperatures and temporary power surges better than carbon film resistors.
26
+
27
+
28
+
29
+### 3. Technical Specifications
30
+
31
+* **Resistance:** 5 Ω
32
+* **Power Dissipation:** 10 Watts (Max)
33
+* **Tolerance:** ±5%
34
+* **Coating:** Typically Green or Grey Silicone/Enamel Glaze
35
+* **Mounting:** Axial leads (through-hole)
36
+
37
+### 4. Application Notes
38
+
39
+* **Heat Management:** At its full 10W rating, this resistor will become extremely hot (often exceeding 100°C). Ensure it is mounted with adequate clearance from PCBs or plastic enclosures.
40
+* **Inductance:** Because it is "wirewound," it has a small amount of inherent inductance. It is ideal for DC or low-frequency AC applications but may not be suitable for high-frequency RF circuits.
41
+* **Common Uses:** * Current limiting in LED arrays.
42
+ * Inrush current protection.
43
+ * Brake resistors for small motors.
44
+ * Dummy loads for testing power supplies.
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+
46
+
47 47
## ref
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
BOM-DAT/fuse-dat/fuse-dat.md
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@@ -1,47 +1,47 @@
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-
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-# fuse-dat
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-## fuse-glass-seal-dat // 250V
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-
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-
10
-break == fast
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-
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-
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-5*20 / 6*30mm 玻璃保险管熔断器保险丝 250V 1A - 2A - 3A - 4A - 5A - 6A - 10A - 15A - 20A
14
-
15
-![](2026-05-03-16-22-36.png)
16
-
17
-![](2026-05-03-16-22-49.png)
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-
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-## 6.3 熔断/电流特性
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-
21
-| 额定电流 | 熔断 |
22
-| -------- | -------------------------- |
23
-| 100% | 4hours Min - （大于4小时） |
24
-| 135% | 1hours Max - （小于1小时） |
25
-| 200% | 5sec Max - （小于5秒） |
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-
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-![](2026-05-03-16-29-22.png)
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-
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-## 2410 fast-break fuse // 125V
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-
31
-![](2026-05-03-16-24-34.png)
32
-
33
-
34
-- 0.5A_125V
35
-- 1A_125V
36
-- 2A_125V
37
-- 3A_125V
38
-- 4A_125V
39
-- 5A_125V
40
-- 10A_125V
41
-- 1808/2410贴片保险丝座
42
-
43
-![](2026-05-03-16-25-13.png)
44
-
45
-## ref
46
-
1
+
2
+# fuse-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+
6
+
7
+## fuse-glass-seal-dat // 250V
8
+
9
+
10
+break == fast
11
+
12
+
13
+5*20 / 6*30mm 玻璃保险管熔断器保险丝 250V 1A - 2A - 3A - 4A - 5A - 6A - 10A - 15A - 20A
14
+
15
+![](2026-05-03-16-22-36.png)
16
+
17
+![](2026-05-03-16-22-49.png)
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+
19
+## 6.3 熔断/电流特性
20
+
21
+| 额定电流 | 熔断 |
22
+| -------- | -------------------------- |
23
+| 100% | 4hours Min - （大于4小时） |
24
+| 135% | 1hours Max - （小于1小时） |
25
+| 200% | 5sec Max - （小于5秒） |
26
+
27
+![](2026-05-03-16-29-22.png)
28
+
29
+## 2410 fast-break fuse // 125V
30
+
31
+![](2026-05-03-16-24-34.png)
32
+
33
+
34
+- 0.5A_125V
35
+- 1A_125V
36
+- 2A_125V
37
+- 3A_125V
38
+- 4A_125V
39
+- 5A_125V
40
+- 10A_125V
41
+- 1808/2410贴片保险丝座
42
+
43
+![](2026-05-03-16-25-13.png)
44
+
45
+## ref
46
+
47 47
- [[fuse]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
Board-dat/CKI/CKI1065-dat/CKI1065-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,34 +1,34 @@
1
-
2
-
3
-# CKI1065-dat
4
-
5
-## Info
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-
7
-[product url - Common Type Fuse Kit, 250V 0.5A-20A (10Kinds*5PCs)](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/common-type-fuse-kit-250v-0-5a-20a-10kinds5pcs/)
8
-
9
-### Board Map, Dimension, Pins, chip info, Use Guide, Setup Jumper, etc.
10
-
11
-- [[fuse-dat]] see fuse-glass-seal-dat // 250V
12
-
13
-- 0.5A
14
-- 1A
15
-- 2A
16
-- 3A
17
-- 4A
18
-- 5A
19
-- 6A
20
-- 8A
21
-- 10A
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-- 20A
23
-
24
-
25
-
26
-## Applications, category, tags, etc.
27
-
28
-## Demo Code and Video
29
-
30
-## ref
31
-
32
-- [[]]
33
-
34
-- legacy wiki page
1
+
2
+
3
+# CKI1065-dat
4
+
5
+## Info
6
+
7
+[product url - Common Type Fuse Kit, 250V 0.5A-20A (10Kinds*5PCs)](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/common-type-fuse-kit-250v-0-5a-20a-10kinds5pcs/)
8
+
9
+### Board Map, Dimension, Pins, chip info, Use Guide, Setup Jumper, etc.
10
+
11
+- [[fuse-dat]] see fuse-glass-seal-dat // 250V
12
+
13
+- 0.5A
14
+- 1A
15
+- 2A
16
+- 3A
17
+- 4A
18
+- 5A
19
+- 6A
20
+- 8A
21
+- 10A
22
+- 20A
23
+
24
+
25
+
26
+## Applications, category, tags, etc.
27
+
28
+## Demo Code and Video
29
+
30
+## ref
31
+
32
+- [[]]
33
+
34
+- legacy wiki page
Board-dat/OPM/OPM1073-dat/OPM1073-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,73 +1,73 @@
1
-
2
-# OPM1073-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-
6
-
7
-## Info
8
-
9
-[product url - USB Load Resistor for testing, 2A/1A Constant Discharge](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/usb-load-resistor-for-testing-2a1a-constant-discharge/)
10
-
11
-
12
-
13
-### Board Map, Dimension, Pins, chip info, Use Guide, Setup Jumper, etc.
14
-
15
-- [[resistor-dat]] - [[OPM1073-dat]] - [[resistor-load-dat]]
16
-
17
-SCH
18
-
19
-![](2026-05-03-18-29-44.png)
20
-
21
-- 1x 5R == 1A
22
-- 2x parallel 5R == 2A
23
-- 4x parallel 5R == 4A (not supported by this module, but can be DIY)
24
-
25
-
26
-
27
-## Applications, category, tags, etc.
28
-
29
-## Demo Code and Video
30
-
31
-## ref
32
-
33
-- [[OPM1073]]
34
-
35
-- legacy wiki page
36
-
37
-
38
-
39
-
40
-## Product Features:
41
-
42
-1. **Toggle Switch and Dual-Color Indicator Light**: Allows direct switching between 1A and 2A discharge currents. When switched to 1A, the green light is on. When switched to 2A, the red light is on.
43
-
44
-2. **Large Copper Area and Additional Heat Dissipation Holes**: The backside has an expanded copper area with added heat dissipation holes to enhance cooling performance.
45
-
46
-3. **Genuine 5-Ohm Wire-Wound Resistor**: The discharge resistor is a custom-made, genuine 5-ohm wire-wound resistor (with higher cost) for more accurate testing results, closer to 1A and 2A.
47
-
48
----
49
-
50
-**Module Usage Instructions:**
51
-
52
-- **Function Switching**: When your power output reaches 1A, switch to the 1A mode for testing. When your power output is 2A or higher, switch to the 2A mode for testing.
53
-
54
----
55
-
56
-**Judgment Criteria:**
57
-
58
-- Insert the USB power supply or mobile power bank into the USB output port. When in 1A mode, the green light will be on. When switched to 2A mode, the red light will be on.
59
-
60
----
61
-
62
-**Precautions:**
63
-
64
-1. When the load tester is working, the wire-wound resistor will generate extremely high temperatures due to the large current passing through. Therefore, during and shortly after use, **do not touch the wire-wound resistor with bare skin** to avoid burns! Also, keep flammable objects away from the tester to prevent fires! Always exercise caution when using this device.
65
-
66
-2. Due to the unique nature of the wire-wound resistor, during the first use after powering on, you may notice a small amount of white smoke and an unusual odor. This occurs because the outer coating contains a very small amount of moisture, which evaporates when heated at high temperatures. The smell is caused by the outer coating being baked by the heat. This phenomenon will disappear after some usage and is completely normal. There’s no need to worry about damage to the load tester, and you can continue to use it with confidence.
67
-
68
-
69
-
70
-
71
-## ref
72
-
1
+
2
+# OPM1073-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+
6
+
7
+## Info
8
+
9
+[product url - USB Load Resistor for testing, 2A/1A Constant Discharge](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/usb-load-resistor-for-testing-2a1a-constant-discharge/)
10
+
11
+
12
+
13
+### Board Map, Dimension, Pins, chip info, Use Guide, Setup Jumper, etc.
14
+
15
+- [[resistor-dat]] - [[OPM1073-dat]] - [[resistor-load-dat]]
16
+
17
+SCH
18
+
19
+![](2026-05-03-18-29-44.png)
20
+
21
+- 1x 5R == 1A
22
+- 2x parallel 5R == 2A
23
+- 4x parallel 5R == 4A (not supported by this module, but can be DIY)
24
+
25
+
26
+
27
+## Applications, category, tags, etc.
28
+
29
+## Demo Code and Video
30
+
31
+## ref
32
+
33
+- [[OPM1073]]
34
+
35
+- legacy wiki page
36
+
37
+
38
+
39
+
40
+## Product Features:
41
+
42
+1. **Toggle Switch and Dual-Color Indicator Light**: Allows direct switching between 1A and 2A discharge currents. When switched to 1A, the green light is on. When switched to 2A, the red light is on.
43
+
44
+2. **Large Copper Area and Additional Heat Dissipation Holes**: The backside has an expanded copper area with added heat dissipation holes to enhance cooling performance.
45
+
46
+3. **Genuine 5-Ohm Wire-Wound Resistor**: The discharge resistor is a custom-made, genuine 5-ohm wire-wound resistor (with higher cost) for more accurate testing results, closer to 1A and 2A.
47
+
48
+---
49
+
50
+**Module Usage Instructions:**
51
+
52
+- **Function Switching**: When your power output reaches 1A, switch to the 1A mode for testing. When your power output is 2A or higher, switch to the 2A mode for testing.
53
+
54
+---
55
+
56
+**Judgment Criteria:**
57
+
58
+- Insert the USB power supply or mobile power bank into the USB output port. When in 1A mode, the green light will be on. When switched to 2A mode, the red light will be on.
59
+
60
+---
61
+
62
+**Precautions:**
63
+
64
+1. When the load tester is working, the wire-wound resistor will generate extremely high temperatures due to the large current passing through. Therefore, during and shortly after use, **do not touch the wire-wound resistor with bare skin** to avoid burns! Also, keep flammable objects away from the tester to prevent fires! Always exercise caution when using this device.
65
+
66
+2. Due to the unique nature of the wire-wound resistor, during the first use after powering on, you may notice a small amount of white smoke and an unusual odor. This occurs because the outer coating contains a very small amount of moisture, which evaporates when heated at high temperatures. The smell is caused by the outer coating being baked by the heat. This phenomenon will disappear after some usage and is completely normal. There’s no need to worry about damage to the load tester, and you can continue to use it with confidence.
67
+
68
+
69
+
70
+
71
+## ref
72
+
73 73
- [[load-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
Board-dat/OPM/OPM1192-dat/OPM1192-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,49 +1,49 @@
1
-
2
-# OPM1192 dat
3
-
4
-[DCDC Buck Power Supply Module 4.5-30V 5A](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/dcdc-buck-power-supply-module-4-5-30v-5a/)
5
-
6
-
7
-
8
-default output 3.3V, customized 5V
9
-
10
-
11
-![](2026-05-03-17-56-14.png)
12
-
13
-
14
-Pin Definitions:
15
-- Top left: Input ground
16
-- Bottom Left: Input power supply
17
-- Top right: Output ground
18
-- Bottom Left: Ouput power supply
19
-
20
-
21
-## Applcations
22
-
23
-Also can be used to driver servo, set to 3A 5V max.
24
-
25
--• LCD-TV
26
--• SetTop Box
27
--• Notebook
28
--• Storage
29
--• High power AP router
30
--• Networking
31
-
32
-
33
-## Output Setup
34
-
35
-- R2 = 0.6/(V-0.6)*R1
36
-- for 3.3V, R2 = 0.6/(3.3-0.6) * R1 = 22K
37
-- for 5V, R2 = 0.6/(5-0.6) * R1 = 13.6K
38
-- for 12V, R2 = 0.6/(12-0.6) * R1 = 5.26K
39
-
40
-
41
-## ref
42
-
43
-- [[dcdc-dat]] - [[dcdc-down-dat]]
44
-
45
-- [[OPM1192]]
46
-
47
-
48
-
49
-
1
+
2
+# OPM1192 dat
3
+
4
+[DCDC Buck Power Supply Module 4.5-30V 5A](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/dcdc-buck-power-supply-module-4-5-30v-5a/)
5
+
6
+
7
+
8
+default output 3.3V, customized 5V
9
+
10
+
11
+![](2026-05-03-17-56-14.png)
12
+
13
+
14
+Pin Definitions:
15
+- Top left: Input ground
16
+- Bottom Left: Input power supply
17
+- Top right: Output ground
18
+- Bottom Left: Ouput power supply
19
+
20
+
21
+## Applcations
22
+
23
+Also can be used to driver servo, set to 3A 5V max.
24
+
25
+-• LCD-TV
26
+-• SetTop Box
27
+-• Notebook
28
+-• Storage
29
+-• High power AP router
30
+-• Networking
31
+
32
+
33
+## Output Setup
34
+
35
+- R2 = 0.6/(V-0.6)*R1
36
+- for 3.3V, R2 = 0.6/(3.3-0.6) * R1 = 22K
37
+- for 5V, R2 = 0.6/(5-0.6) * R1 = 13.6K
38
+- for 12V, R2 = 0.6/(12-0.6) * R1 = 5.26K
39
+
40
+
41
+## ref
42
+
43
+- [[dcdc-dat]] - [[dcdc-down-dat]]
44
+
45
+- [[OPM1192]]
46
+
47
+
48
+
49
+
Board-dat/SDR/SDR1011-dat/SDR1011-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,40 +1,40 @@
1
-
2
-
3
-# SDR1011-dat
4
-
5
-## Info
6
-
7
-[product url - Raspberry Pi Motor Robot Shield Kit (L293D)](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/raspberry-pi-motor-robot-shield-kit-l293d/)
8
-
9
-[legacy wiki page](https://www.electrodragon.com/w/Raspberry_Pi_Motor_Robot_Shield_Kit_(L293D))
10
-
11
-### Board Map, Dimension, Pins, chip info, Use Guide, Setup Jumper, etc.
12
-
13
-- [[L293-dat]] - [[RPI-SBC-dat]] - [[motor-driver-dat]]
14
-
15
-![](2026-05-03-16-07-16.png)
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
-- SW1 SW2 == switch to GPIO pin 21 and 23 == GPIO 9 and 11 == [[RPI-pin-dat]]
20
-
21
-- drive pin GPIO 21 and 22 to external devices via [[74HC06-dat]]
22
-
23
-
24
-
25
-
26
-## Applications, category, tags, etc.
27
-
28
-## Demo Code and Video
29
-
30
-https://github.com/Edragon/RPI
31
-
32
-
33
-
34
-## ref
35
-
36
-- [[SDR1011]]
37
-
38
-- [legacy wiki page ](https://www.electrodragon.com/w/Raspberry_Pi_Motor_Robot_Shield_Kit_(L293D))
39
-
40
-
1
+
2
+
3
+# SDR1011-dat
4
+
5
+## Info
6
+
7
+[product url - Raspberry Pi Motor Robot Shield Kit (L293D)](https://www.electrodragon.com/product/raspberry-pi-motor-robot-shield-kit-l293d/)
8
+
9
+[legacy wiki page](https://www.electrodragon.com/w/Raspberry_Pi_Motor_Robot_Shield_Kit_(L293D))
10
+
11
+### Board Map, Dimension, Pins, chip info, Use Guide, Setup Jumper, etc.
12
+
13
+- [[L293-dat]] - [[RPI-SBC-dat]] - [[motor-driver-dat]]
14
+
15
+![](2026-05-03-16-07-16.png)
16
+
17
+
18
+
19
+- SW1 SW2 == switch to GPIO pin 21 and 23 == GPIO 9 and 11 == [[RPI-pin-dat]]
20
+
21
+- drive pin GPIO 21 and 22 to external devices via [[74HC06-dat]]
22
+
23
+
24
+
25
+
26
+## Applications, category, tags, etc.
27
+
28
+## Demo Code and Video
29
+
30
+https://github.com/Edragon/RPI
31
+
32
+
33
+
34
+## ref
35
+
36
+- [[SDR1011]]
37
+
38
+- [legacy wiki page ](https://www.electrodragon.com/w/Raspberry_Pi_Motor_Robot_Shield_Kit_(L293D))
39
+
40
+
Chip-cn-dat/everest-semi-dat/ES7201-dat/ES7201-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,38 +1,38 @@
1
-
2
-
3
-# ES7201-dat
4
-
5
-- [[adc-dat]] - [[pdm-dat]] - [[pga-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
6
-
7
-High Performance PDM Stereo Audio ADC
8
-
9
-FEATURES
10
-- • High performance advanced deltasigma audio ADC
11
-- • 90 dB dynamic range at 26 dB PGA
12
-- • -85 dB THD+N
13
-- • Low noise PGA
14
-- • 8 to 96 kHz sampling frequency
15
-- • Low power
16
-
17
-APPLICATIONS
18
-- • Mic Array
19
-- • Soundbar
20
-- • Audio Interface
21
-- • Digital TV
22
-- • A/V Receiver
23
-- • DVR
24
-- • NVR
25
-
26
-
27
-## std app
28
-
29
-![](2026-05-03-09-33-14.png)
30
-
31
-## app 1.
32
-
33
-![](2026-04-14-19-56-20.png)
34
-
35
-
36
-
37
-## ref
38
-
1
+
2
+
3
+# ES7201-dat
4
+
5
+- [[adc-dat]] - [[pdm-dat]] - [[pga-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
6
+
7
+High Performance PDM Stereo Audio ADC
8
+
9
+FEATURES
10
+- • High performance advanced deltasigma audio ADC
11
+- • 90 dB dynamic range at 26 dB PGA
12
+- • -85 dB THD+N
13
+- • Low noise PGA
14
+- • 8 to 96 kHz sampling frequency
15
+- • Low power
16
+
17
+APPLICATIONS
18
+- • Mic Array
19
+- • Soundbar
20
+- • Audio Interface
21
+- • Digital TV
22
+- • A/V Receiver
23
+- • DVR
24
+- • NVR
25
+
26
+
27
+## std app
28
+
29
+![](2026-05-03-09-33-14.png)
30
+
31
+## app 1.
32
+
33
+![](2026-04-14-19-56-20.png)
34
+
35
+
36
+
37
+## ref
38
+
Chip-cn-dat/everest-semi-dat/ES8311-dat/ES8311-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,93 +1,93 @@
1
-
2
-# ES8311-dat
3
-
4
-- [[adc-dat]] - [[dac-dat]] - [[record-dat]] - [[playback-dat]] - [[everest-semi-dat]]
5
-
6
-## ES8311
7
-
8
-refer use guide in [[I2S-SDK-dat]]
9
-
10
-Low Power Mono Audio CODEC
11
-
12
-FEATURES
13
-
14
-System
15
-
16
-- High performance and low power multibit delta-sigma audio ADC and DAC
17
-- I2S/PCM master or slave serial data port
18
-- 256/384Fs, USB 12/24 MHz and other non standard audio system clocks
19
-- I2C interface
20
-
21
-http://www.everest-semi.com/pdf/ES8311%20PB.pdf
22
-
23
-
24
-
25
-
26
-## SCH 2
27
-
28
-![](2025-11-01-19-36-04.png)
29
-
30
-## ref
31
-
32
-- [[everest-semi-dat]]
33
-
34
-
35
-
36
-# ES8311-dat
37
-
38
-
39
-`ES8311` -
40
-
41
-The ES8311 is a low-power mono audio codec with fully differential output and headphone amplifier, as well as analog inputs that are programmable in fully differential configurations.
42
-
43
-The record path of the ES8311 contains `one fully differential input`, analog digitally controlled mono microphone `preamplifier`,and automatic gain control (`ALC`). Programmable filters are available during record which can remove audible noise.
44
-
45
-The `playback` path includes a mono DAC, through programmable volume controls, to the fully differential output. The fully differential output of ES8311 has a capability to drive 16Ω or 32Ω headphone load.
46
-
47
-ES8311 is optimized for voice playback/record, so that it is very suitable for surveillance and voice application, such as car DV, IPCAMERNA, DVR, NVR, Baby monitor, intelligent toy, intelligent Robert, etc.
48
-
49
-ADC `RECORD` FUNCTIONS
50
-
51
-3. 100dB SNR, -88dB THD+N
52
-4. Differential analog input
53
-5. Low noise PGA for analog line in or microphone in
54
-6. Noise reduction filters
55
-7. ALC with Noise gate
56
-8. Supports analog and digital microphone interface
57
-
58
-
59
-DAC `PLAYBACK` FUNCTIONS
60
-
61
-9. 110dB SNR, -85dB THD+N
62
-10. Dynamic Range Compression for analog output
63
-11. Differential Line Out with 16 Ω/32 Ω headphone driver
64
-12. Pop and click noise suppression
65
-13. ADC data can be routed to DAC.
66
-14. DAC data can be routed to Digital Serial Output Port
67
-
68
-
69
-## diagram
70
-
71
-![](2026-04-14-19-31-16.png)
72
-
73
-## SCH
74
-
75
-![](2026-04-14-19-30-55.png)
76
-
77
-![](2026-04-14-19-30-38.png)
78
-
79
-## APP 1.
80
-
81
-![](2026-04-14-19-33-07.png)
82
-
83
-![](2026-04-14-19-33-23.png)
84
-
85
-![](2026-04-14-19-33-44.png)
86
-
87
-## ref
88
-
89
-- datasheet == [[ES8311.user.Guide.pdf]]
90
-
91
-
92
-
93
-
1
+
2
+# ES8311-dat
3
+
4
+- [[adc-dat]] - [[dac-dat]] - [[record-dat]] - [[playback-dat]] - [[everest-semi-dat]]
5
+
6
+## ES8311
7
+
8
+refer use guide in [[I2S-SDK-dat]]
9
+
10
+Low Power Mono Audio CODEC
11
+
12
+FEATURES
13
+
14
+System
15
+
16
+- High performance and low power multibit delta-sigma audio ADC and DAC
17
+- I2S/PCM master or slave serial data port
18
+- 256/384Fs, USB 12/24 MHz and other non standard audio system clocks
19
+- I2C interface
20
+
21
+http://www.everest-semi.com/pdf/ES8311%20PB.pdf
22
+
23
+
24
+
25
+
26
+## SCH 2
27
+
28
+![](2025-11-01-19-36-04.png)
29
+
30
+## ref
31
+
32
+- [[everest-semi-dat]]
33
+
34
+
35
+
36
+# ES8311-dat
37
+
38
+
39
+`ES8311` -
40
+
41
+The ES8311 is a low-power mono audio codec with fully differential output and headphone amplifier, as well as analog inputs that are programmable in fully differential configurations.
42
+
43
+The record path of the ES8311 contains `one fully differential input`, analog digitally controlled mono microphone `preamplifier`,and automatic gain control (`ALC`). Programmable filters are available during record which can remove audible noise.
44
+
45
+The `playback` path includes a mono DAC, through programmable volume controls, to the fully differential output. The fully differential output of ES8311 has a capability to drive 16Ω or 32Ω headphone load.
46
+
47
+ES8311 is optimized for voice playback/record, so that it is very suitable for surveillance and voice application, such as car DV, IPCAMERNA, DVR, NVR, Baby monitor, intelligent toy, intelligent Robert, etc.
48
+
49
+ADC `RECORD` FUNCTIONS
50
+
51
+3. 100dB SNR, -88dB THD+N
52
+4. Differential analog input
53
+5. Low noise PGA for analog line in or microphone in
54
+6. Noise reduction filters
55
+7. ALC with Noise gate
56
+8. Supports analog and digital microphone interface
57
+
58
+
59
+DAC `PLAYBACK` FUNCTIONS
60
+
61
+9. 110dB SNR, -85dB THD+N
62
+10. Dynamic Range Compression for analog output
63
+11. Differential Line Out with 16 Ω/32 Ω headphone driver
64
+12. Pop and click noise suppression
65
+13. ADC data can be routed to DAC.
66
+14. DAC data can be routed to Digital Serial Output Port
67
+
68
+
69
+## diagram
70
+
71
+![](2026-04-14-19-31-16.png)
72
+
73
+## SCH
74
+
75
+![](2026-04-14-19-30-55.png)
76
+
77
+![](2026-04-14-19-30-38.png)
78
+
79
+## APP 1.
80
+
81
+![](2026-04-14-19-33-07.png)
82
+
83
+![](2026-04-14-19-33-23.png)
84
+
85
+![](2026-04-14-19-33-44.png)
86
+
87
+## ref
88
+
89
+- datasheet == [[ES8311.user.Guide.pdf]]
90
+
91
+
92
+
93
+
Chip-dat/74xx-dat/74xx-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,227 +1,227 @@
1
-# 74xx-dat
2
-
3
-
4
-- [[CDxx-dat]] - [[74xx-dat]] - [[LMxx-dat]]
5
-
6
-## functions
7
-
8
-- [[logic-dat]] - [[circuits-dat]]
9
-
10
-- [[74xx-dat]] - [[logic-inverter-dat]]
11
-
12
-
13
-
14
-
15
-- [[74HC4050-dat]] - [[74xx-dat]]
16
-
17
-- [[74HC595-dat]]
18
-
19
-
20
-## 74HC14
21
-
22
-- [[74HC14-dat]] - [[inverter-dat]]
23
-
24
-Hex Schmitt−Trigger Inverter
25
-
26
-High−Performance Silicon−Gate CMOS
27
-
28
-The 74HC14 is identical in pinout to the LS14, LS04 and the HC04.
29
-
30
-The device inputs are compatible with Standard CMOS outputs; with pullup resistors, they are compatible with LSTTL outputs.
31
-
32
-
33
-## types
34
-
35
-- [[74hct245-dat]]
36
-
37
-
38
-
39
-
40
-- Tri-State buffers = 74HC126 = SN74HC126DR - SOIC-14
41
-- PISO = 74HC165 = 0.04 - SOIC 16 - Package_SO:SOIC-16_3.9x9.9mm_P1.27mm - SOIC-16 - Nexperia(安世)
42
-- SIPO = 74HC595 = 0.035 - Nexperia(安世) 封装: SOIC-16
43
-- 74HC590 - ??
44
-
45
-- 7404
46
-
47
-- [[74HC590-dat]] - [[74HC595-dat]] - [[74HC126-dat]]
48
-
49
-
50
-
51
-
52
-## 74ACT00-dat
53
-
54
-- [[74ACT00-dat]] == Quad 2-Input NAND Gate
55
-
56
-74HC00D == General. The 74HC00D is a high speed CMOS 2-INPUT NAND GATE fabricated with silicon gate C2MOS technology.
57
-
58
-
59
-
60
-
61
-## 74xx04-dat
62
-
63
-- [[74xx04-dat]] == Hex Inverter
64
-
65
-
66
-## 74xx06 == inverter
67
-
68
-- [[SDR1011-dat]] - [[L293-dat]]
69
-
70
-SN54LS06, SN74LS06
71
-
72
-SNx4LS06 Hex `Inverter` Buffers and Drivers With Open-Collector High-Voltage Outputs
73
-
74
-The SNx4LS06 devices feature high-voltage, opencollector outputs to interface with high-level circuits (such as MOS), or for driving high-current loads, and also are characterized for use as inverter buffers for driving TTL inputs. The SNx4LS06 devices have a rated output voltage of 30 V.
75
-
76
-- [[logic-dat]]
77
-
78
-
79
-
80
-
81
-## 74LVC1G07SE-7
82
-
83
-SINGLE BUFFER/DRIVER WITH OPEN DRAIN OUTPUT
84
-
85
-```
86
-Function Table
87
-Input Output
88
-A Y
89
-H Z
90
-L L
91
-```
92
-
93
-## 74HC165D
94
-
95
-![](2024-09-20-11-33-37.png)
96
-
97
-
98
-- [[74hc595-dat]]
99
-
100
-## inverter
101
-
102
-- [[74xx1G14-dat]]
103
-
104
-
105
-
106
-
107
-| chip | gate | functions | and |
108
-| ---------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------- | ----------------- |
109
-| [[74xx1G00-dat]] | NAND | buffering, Level Shifting | |
110
-| [[74xx1G07-dat]] | non-inverting buffer | | OPEN DRAIN OUTPUT |
111
-| [[74xx1G08-dat]] | AND | | |
112
-| [[74xx1G14-dat]] | inverting buffer | | |
113
-
114
-## 9152
115
-
116
-74VHC9151FT,74VHC9152FT - The 74VHC9151FT/74VHC9152FT are an ultra-high-speed 9-bit Schmitt Buffer / Inverter fabricated using silicon-gate CMOS technology. The 74VHC9151FT/74VHC9152FT combines low power consumption of CMOS with Schottky TTL speeds.
117
-
118
-
119
-
120
-## more chips
121
-
122
-
123
-- 74LVC1G125DCK - [[74xx1G125-dat]]
124
-
125
-
126
-- 74HC541
127
-
128
-
129
-- `74HC244` == Octal 3-State Noninverting Buffer/Line Driver/Line Receiver MC74HC244A, MC74HCT244A
130
-
131
-74HC244D
132
-
133
-
134
-
135
-- 74HC240
136
-
137
-- [[74HC595-dat]]
138
-
139
-- [[74HCT245-dat]]
140
-
141
-- `74LS259` == SN54259, SN54LS259B, SN74259, SN74LS259B == 8-BIT ADDRESSABLE LATCHES
142
-
143
-- 74LVC126ABQ == Quad buffer/line driver with 5 V tolerant input/outputs; 3-state
144
-
145
-- SMD SN74HC74DR SOIC-14 Dual D-type positive-edge triggered flip-flop logic chip
146
-
147
-- Dual 4-channel analog multiplexer/demultiplexer - 74HC4052D,653 SOIC-16 dual 4-channel analog multiplexer chip
148
-
149
-- 74HC164D,653 SOIC-14 8-bit serial-in/parallel-out shift register
150
-
151
-- 8-bit parallel-in/serial-out shift register - 74HC165D,653 SOIC-16 8-bit parallel or serial input / shift register
152
-
153
-- 74HC14D,653 SOIC-14 Hex inverting Schmitt trigger logic chip
154
-
155
-- 74HC151D,653 SOIC-16 8-input multiplexer SMD logic chip - 8-input multiplexer
156
-
157
-- SMD SN74HC157DR SOIC-16 Data selector / multiplexer chip
158
-
159
-- 74HC04D,653 SOIC-14 Hex inverter SMD logic chip == 74HCT04BQ
160
-
161
-
162
-
163
-- 74HC4040D 74HC4040 SMD SOP-16 counter — brand new imported
164
-
165
-- 74HC4060D SOIC-16 Oscillator with 14-stage binary ripple counter
166
-
167
-- 74HC4051PW,118 TSSOP-16 8-channel analog multiplexer/demultiplexer
168
-
169
-- Brand new original CD74HC4052M96 SOIC-16 single-channel analog multiplexer chip
170
-
171
-- 74HC573PW,118 TSSOP-20 Octal D-type transparent latch; 3-state outputs
172
-- Through-hole SN74HC573AN DIP-20 Eight-bit 3-state output latch logic chip
173
-
174
-- 74HC125D,653 SOIC-14 Quad buffer / line driver with 3-state outputs
175
-
176
-- 74HC138D,653 SOIC-16 3-to-8 line decoder / demultiplexer; inverting
177
-
178
-- Through-hole SN74HC74N DIP-14 Dual D flip-flop with set and reset, positive-edge triggered
179
-
180
-- SN74HC574NSR SOIC-20 Octal edge-triggered D-type flip-flop with 3-state outputs
181
-
182
-- Brand new imported 74HC590AP 74HC590 DIP16 8-bit binary counter chip - 74HC590D 8-bit counter and output register SOP16 M74HC590RM13TR brand new
183
-- 8-bit binary counter with output register; 3-state
184
-
185
-- TI's SN54LS592 is an 8-Bit Binary Counter With Input Registers.
186
-
187
-- Original imported 74HC393D 74HC393 Narrow-body SMD SOP-14 Dual 4-bit binary ripple counter
188
-
189
-- Original SN74LS90N DIP14 Decimal counter / divide-by-2/5 counter through-hole IC
190
-
191
-
192
-
193
-SN74LVC138APWR - Decoder/Demultiplexer 1 x 3 8 16-TSSOP
194
-
195
-
196
-
197
-
198
-
199
-## CD
200
-
201
-- CD4094B - 8 Bit Shift Register w/ 3 State Output - 8-Stage Shift-and-Store Bus Register
202
-
203
-- Saibao original CD4518BE Binary/Decimal synchronous up/down counter DIP-16 Saibao
204
-
205
-- Original through-hole CD4060BE DIP-16 Binary counter/divider — consists of an oscillator section and 14 ripple-carry binary counter stages.
206
-
207
-- Brand new original CD4017BE Decimal counter chip through-hole DIP16
208
-
209
-- (2pcs) Through-hole 74HC161 DIP-16 Synchronous 4-bit binary counter chip SN74HC161N
210
-
211
-- Brand new imported CD40192 CD40192BE DIP-16 Synchronous up/down counter through-hole
212
-
213
-- Brand new original CD4510 CD4510BE DIP-16 Counter logic IC
214
-
215
-
216
-
217
-
218
-
219
-## other
220
-
221
-- MC14553BCP MC14553 counter chip
222
-
223
-
224
-
225
-## ref
226
-
1
+# 74xx-dat
2
+
3
+
4
+- [[CDxx-dat]] - [[74xx-dat]] - [[LMxx-dat]]
5
+
6
+## functions
7
+
8
+- [[logic-dat]] - [[circuits-dat]]
9
+
10
+- [[74xx-dat]] - [[logic-inverter-dat]]
11
+
12
+
13
+
14
+
15
+- [[74HC4050-dat]] - [[74xx-dat]]
16
+
17
+- [[74HC595-dat]]
18
+
19
+
20
+## 74HC14
21
+
22
+- [[74HC14-dat]] - [[inverter-dat]]
23
+
24
+Hex Schmitt−Trigger Inverter
25
+
26
+High−Performance Silicon−Gate CMOS
27
+
28
+The 74HC14 is identical in pinout to the LS14, LS04 and the HC04.
29
+
30
+The device inputs are compatible with Standard CMOS outputs; with pullup resistors, they are compatible with LSTTL outputs.
31
+
32
+
33
+## types
34
+
35
+- [[74hct245-dat]]
36
+
37
+
38
+
39
+
40
+- Tri-State buffers = 74HC126 = SN74HC126DR - SOIC-14
41
+- PISO = 74HC165 = 0.04 - SOIC 16 - Package_SO:SOIC-16_3.9x9.9mm_P1.27mm - SOIC-16 - Nexperia(安世)
42
+- SIPO = 74HC595 = 0.035 - Nexperia(安世) 封装: SOIC-16
43
+- 74HC590 - ??
44
+
45
+- 7404
46
+
47
+- [[74HC590-dat]] - [[74HC595-dat]] - [[74HC126-dat]]
48
+
49
+
50
+
51
+
52
+## 74ACT00-dat
53
+
54
+- [[74ACT00-dat]] == Quad 2-Input NAND Gate
55
+
56
+74HC00D == General. The 74HC00D is a high speed CMOS 2-INPUT NAND GATE fabricated with silicon gate C2MOS technology.
57
+
58
+
59
+
60
+
61
+## 74xx04-dat
62
+
63
+- [[74xx04-dat]] == Hex Inverter
64
+
65
+
66
+## 74xx06 == inverter
67
+
68
+- [[SDR1011-dat]] - [[L293-dat]]
69
+
70
+SN54LS06, SN74LS06
71
+
72
+SNx4LS06 Hex `Inverter` Buffers and Drivers With Open-Collector High-Voltage Outputs
73
+
74
+The SNx4LS06 devices feature high-voltage, opencollector outputs to interface with high-level circuits (such as MOS), or for driving high-current loads, and also are characterized for use as inverter buffers for driving TTL inputs. The SNx4LS06 devices have a rated output voltage of 30 V.
75
+
76
+- [[logic-dat]]
77
+
78
+
79
+
80
+
81
+## 74LVC1G07SE-7
82
+
83
+SINGLE BUFFER/DRIVER WITH OPEN DRAIN OUTPUT
84
+
85
+```
86
+Function Table
87
+Input Output
88
+A Y
89
+H Z
90
+L L
91
+```
92
+
93
+## 74HC165D
94
+
95
+![](2024-09-20-11-33-37.png)
96
+
97
+
98
+- [[74hc595-dat]]
99
+
100
+## inverter
101
+
102
+- [[74xx1G14-dat]]
103
+
104
+
105
+
106
+
107
+| chip | gate | functions | and |
108
+| ---------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------- | ----------------- |
109
+| [[74xx1G00-dat]] | NAND | buffering, Level Shifting | |
110
+| [[74xx1G07-dat]] | non-inverting buffer | | OPEN DRAIN OUTPUT |
111
+| [[74xx1G08-dat]] | AND | | |
112
+| [[74xx1G14-dat]] | inverting buffer | | |
113
+
114
+## 9152
115
+
116
+74VHC9151FT,74VHC9152FT - The 74VHC9151FT/74VHC9152FT are an ultra-high-speed 9-bit Schmitt Buffer / Inverter fabricated using silicon-gate CMOS technology. The 74VHC9151FT/74VHC9152FT combines low power consumption of CMOS with Schottky TTL speeds.
117
+
118
+
119
+
120
+## more chips
121
+
122
+
123
+- 74LVC1G125DCK - [[74xx1G125-dat]]
124
+
125
+
126
+- 74HC541
127
+
128
+
129
+- `74HC244` == Octal 3-State Noninverting Buffer/Line Driver/Line Receiver MC74HC244A, MC74HCT244A
130
+
131
+74HC244D
132
+
133
+
134
+
135
+- 74HC240
136
+
137
+- [[74HC595-dat]]
138
+
139
+- [[74HCT245-dat]]
140
+
141
+- `74LS259` == SN54259, SN54LS259B, SN74259, SN74LS259B == 8-BIT ADDRESSABLE LATCHES
142
+
143
+- 74LVC126ABQ == Quad buffer/line driver with 5 V tolerant input/outputs; 3-state
144
+
145
+- SMD SN74HC74DR SOIC-14 Dual D-type positive-edge triggered flip-flop logic chip
146
+
147
+- Dual 4-channel analog multiplexer/demultiplexer - 74HC4052D,653 SOIC-16 dual 4-channel analog multiplexer chip
148
+
149
+- 74HC164D,653 SOIC-14 8-bit serial-in/parallel-out shift register
150
+
151
+- 8-bit parallel-in/serial-out shift register - 74HC165D,653 SOIC-16 8-bit parallel or serial input / shift register
152
+
153
+- 74HC14D,653 SOIC-14 Hex inverting Schmitt trigger logic chip
154
+
155
+- 74HC151D,653 SOIC-16 8-input multiplexer SMD logic chip - 8-input multiplexer
156
+
157
+- SMD SN74HC157DR SOIC-16 Data selector / multiplexer chip
158
+
159
+- 74HC04D,653 SOIC-14 Hex inverter SMD logic chip == 74HCT04BQ
160
+
161
+
162
+
163
+- 74HC4040D 74HC4040 SMD SOP-16 counter — brand new imported
164
+
165
+- 74HC4060D SOIC-16 Oscillator with 14-stage binary ripple counter
166
+
167
+- 74HC4051PW,118 TSSOP-16 8-channel analog multiplexer/demultiplexer
168
+
169
+- Brand new original CD74HC4052M96 SOIC-16 single-channel analog multiplexer chip
170
+
171
+- 74HC573PW,118 TSSOP-20 Octal D-type transparent latch; 3-state outputs
172
+- Through-hole SN74HC573AN DIP-20 Eight-bit 3-state output latch logic chip
173
+
174
+- 74HC125D,653 SOIC-14 Quad buffer / line driver with 3-state outputs
175
+
176
+- 74HC138D,653 SOIC-16 3-to-8 line decoder / demultiplexer; inverting
177
+
178
+- Through-hole SN74HC74N DIP-14 Dual D flip-flop with set and reset, positive-edge triggered
179
+
180
+- SN74HC574NSR SOIC-20 Octal edge-triggered D-type flip-flop with 3-state outputs
181
+
182
+- Brand new imported 74HC590AP 74HC590 DIP16 8-bit binary counter chip - 74HC590D 8-bit counter and output register SOP16 M74HC590RM13TR brand new
183
+- 8-bit binary counter with output register; 3-state
184
+
185
+- TI's SN54LS592 is an 8-Bit Binary Counter With Input Registers.
186
+
187
+- Original imported 74HC393D 74HC393 Narrow-body SMD SOP-14 Dual 4-bit binary ripple counter
188
+
189
+- Original SN74LS90N DIP14 Decimal counter / divide-by-2/5 counter through-hole IC
190
+
191
+
192
+
193
+SN74LVC138APWR - Decoder/Demultiplexer 1 x 3 8 16-TSSOP
194
+
195
+
196
+
197
+
198
+
199
+## CD
200
+
201
+- CD4094B - 8 Bit Shift Register w/ 3 State Output - 8-Stage Shift-and-Store Bus Register
202
+
203
+- Saibao original CD4518BE Binary/Decimal synchronous up/down counter DIP-16 Saibao
204
+
205
+- Original through-hole CD4060BE DIP-16 Binary counter/divider — consists of an oscillator section and 14 ripple-carry binary counter stages.
206
+
207
+- Brand new original CD4017BE Decimal counter chip through-hole DIP16
208
+
209
+- (2pcs) Through-hole 74HC161 DIP-16 Synchronous 4-bit binary counter chip SN74HC161N
210
+
211
+- Brand new imported CD40192 CD40192BE DIP-16 Synchronous up/down counter through-hole
212
+
213
+- Brand new original CD4510 CD4510BE DIP-16 Counter logic IC
214
+
215
+
216
+
217
+
218
+
219
+## other
220
+
221
+- MC14553BCP MC14553 counter chip
222
+
223
+
224
+
225
+## ref
226
+
227 227
- [[chip-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
Chip-dat/ESS-technology-dat/ES9023-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
1
-
2
-
3
-# ES9023-dat
4
-
5
-The ESS Technology `ES9023` is a 24-bit stereo audio Digital-to-Analog Converter (`DAC`) known for high cost-performance, delivering up to 2Vrms ground-referenced output without requiring DC-blocking capacitors.
6
-
7
-Featuring HyperStream® architecture and Time Domain Jitter Eliminator, it is ideal for DIY, Raspberry Pi HATs, and budget-friendly, high-fidelity audio gear.
8
-
9
-
10
-
1
+
2
+
3
+# ES9023-dat
4
+
5
+The ESS Technology `ES9023` is a 24-bit stereo audio Digital-to-Analog Converter (`DAC`) known for high cost-performance, delivering up to 2Vrms ground-referenced output without requiring DC-blocking capacitors.
6
+
7
+Featuring HyperStream® architecture and Time Domain Jitter Eliminator, it is ideal for DIY, Raspberry Pi HATs, and budget-friendly, high-fidelity audio gear.
8
+
9
+
10
+
Chip-dat/ESS-technology-dat/ESS-technology-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
1
-
2
-
3
-# ESS-technology-dat
4
-
5
-- [[ES9023-dat]] - [[ESS-technology-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
6
-
1
+
2
+
3
+# ESS-technology-dat
4
+
5
+- [[ES9023-dat]] - [[ESS-technology-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
6
+
Chip-dat/TI-dat/TI-Motor-dat/L293-dat/L293-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,143 +1,143 @@
1
-
2
-# L293-dat
3
-
4
-## Info
5
-
6
-chip info, [datasheet](https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/l293.pdf), etc.
7
-
8
-The L293D is a 16-pin motor driver IC, also known as a quad half-H driver, capable of controlling two DC motors or a single stepper motor, offering bidirectional drive currents of up to 600mA per channel at voltages from 4.5V to 36V.
9
-
10
-![](2025-03-25-15-46-12.png)
11
-
12
-## App.
13
-
14
-- [[SDR1064-dat]] - [[nodemcu-dat]]
15
-
16
-- [[SDR1060-dat]] - [[arduino-ide-dat]]
17
-
18
-
19
-## 🔌 L293 vs L293D: Key Differences
20
-
21
-| Feature | **L293** | **L293D** |
22
-| --------------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
23
-| **Internal Flyback Diodes** | ❌ No | ✅ Yes (built-in protection diodes) |
24
-| **Maximum Output Current** | Up to 1 A (peak 2 A) | Up to 600 mA (peak 1.2 A) |
25
-| **Cost** | Slightly cheaper | Slightly more expensive |
26
-| **Protection** | Needs external diodes | Protected against back EMF |
27
-
28
-
29
-
30
-
31
-## SCH 2
32
-
33
-- [[SDR1011-dat]] - [[L293-dat]]
34
-
35
-![](2026-05-03-16-13-15.png)
36
-
37
-drive pin
38
-
39
-- 1-2EN ==
40
-- 3-4EN ==
41
-- 1A ==
42
-- 3A ==
43
-
44
-drive chip == [[74xx-dat]] - [[74HC06-dat]]
45
-
46
-
47
-## Simple Schematic
48
-
49
-![](2025-06-15-12-57-58.png)
50
-
51
-![](2025-12-17-13-41-34.png)
52
-
53
-RPI drive via [[74xx-dat]]
54
-
55
-![](2026-01-31-16-25-42.png)
56
-
57
-- 1A 2A 3A 4A drive 1Y 2Y 3Y 4Y
58
-
59
-
60
-
61
-
62
-## demo code
63
-
64
-- single DC motor control [[afMotor-1.ino]]
65
-
66
-### simple demo code
67
-
68
- // Pin definitions
69
- const int ENA = 9;
70
- const int IN1 = 8;
71
- const int IN2 = 7;
72
-
73
- void setup() {
74
- pinMode(ENA, OUTPUT);
75
- pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
76
- pinMode(IN2, OUTPUT);
77
- }
78
-
79
- void loop() {
80
- // Forward
81
- digitalWrite(IN1, HIGH);
82
- digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);
83
- analogWrite(ENA, 200); // PWM speed (0~255)
84
- delay(2000);
85
-
86
- // Stop
87
- analogWrite(ENA, 0);
88
- delay(1000);
89
-
90
- // Backward
91
- digitalWrite(IN1, LOW);
92
- digitalWrite(IN2, HIGH);
93
- analogWrite(ENA, 200);
94
- delay(2000);
95
-
96
- // Stop
97
- analogWrite(ENA, 0);
98
- delay(1000);
99
- }
100
-
101
-### simple demo code with inverter
102
-
103
-
104
-
105
- const int ENA = 9; // PWM for speed
106
- const int IN1 = 8; // Direction (IN2 is inverted in hardware)
107
-
108
- void setup() {
109
- pinMode(ENA, OUTPUT);
110
- pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
111
- }
112
-
113
- void loop() {
114
- // Forward
115
- digitalWrite(IN1, HIGH); // IN2 becomes LOW due to inverter
116
- analogWrite(ENA, 200); // Set speed
117
- delay(2000);
118
-
119
- // Stop
120
- analogWrite(ENA, 0);
121
- delay(1000);
122
-
123
- // Backward
124
- digitalWrite(IN1, LOW); // IN2 becomes HIGH due to inverter
125
- analogWrite(ENA, 200); // Set speed
126
- delay(2000);
127
-
128
- // Stop
129
- analogWrite(ENA, 0);
130
- delay(1000);
131
- }
132
-
133
-
134
-
135
-## ref
136
-
137
-- [[SDR1064-dat]] - [[motor-driver-dat]]
138
-
139
-- [[74LVC2G04-dat]] - [[logic-inverter-dat]] - [[logic-gate-dat]]
140
-
141
-- [[L293]] - [[TI-motor]]
142
-
143
-
1
+
2
+# L293-dat
3
+
4
+## Info
5
+
6
+chip info, [datasheet](https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/l293.pdf), etc.
7
+
8
+The L293D is a 16-pin motor driver IC, also known as a quad half-H driver, capable of controlling two DC motors or a single stepper motor, offering bidirectional drive currents of up to 600mA per channel at voltages from 4.5V to 36V.
9
+
10
+![](2025-03-25-15-46-12.png)
11
+
12
+## App.
13
+
14
+- [[SDR1064-dat]] - [[nodemcu-dat]]
15
+
16
+- [[SDR1060-dat]] - [[arduino-ide-dat]]
17
+
18
+
19
+## 🔌 L293 vs L293D: Key Differences
20
+
21
+| Feature | **L293** | **L293D** |
22
+| --------------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
23
+| **Internal Flyback Diodes** | ❌ No | ✅ Yes (built-in protection diodes) |
24
+| **Maximum Output Current** | Up to 1 A (peak 2 A) | Up to 600 mA (peak 1.2 A) |
25
+| **Cost** | Slightly cheaper | Slightly more expensive |
26
+| **Protection** | Needs external diodes | Protected against back EMF |
27
+
28
+
29
+
30
+
31
+## SCH 2
32
+
33
+- [[SDR1011-dat]] - [[L293-dat]]
34
+
35
+![](2026-05-03-16-13-15.png)
36
+
37
+drive pin
38
+
39
+- 1-2EN ==
40
+- 3-4EN ==
41
+- 1A ==
42
+- 3A ==
43
+
44
+drive chip == [[74xx-dat]] - [[74HC06-dat]]
45
+
46
+
47
+## Simple Schematic
48
+
49
+![](2025-06-15-12-57-58.png)
50
+
51
+![](2025-12-17-13-41-34.png)
52
+
53
+RPI drive via [[74xx-dat]]
54
+
55
+![](2026-01-31-16-25-42.png)
56
+
57
+- 1A 2A 3A 4A drive 1Y 2Y 3Y 4Y
58
+
59
+
60
+
61
+
62
+## demo code
63
+
64
+- single DC motor control [[afMotor-1.ino]]
65
+
66
+### simple demo code
67
+
68
+ // Pin definitions
69
+ const int ENA = 9;
70
+ const int IN1 = 8;
71
+ const int IN2 = 7;
72
+
73
+ void setup() {
74
+ pinMode(ENA, OUTPUT);
75
+ pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
76
+ pinMode(IN2, OUTPUT);
77
+ }
78
+
79
+ void loop() {
80
+ // Forward
81
+ digitalWrite(IN1, HIGH);
82
+ digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);
83
+ analogWrite(ENA, 200); // PWM speed (0~255)
84
+ delay(2000);
85
+
86
+ // Stop
87
+ analogWrite(ENA, 0);
88
+ delay(1000);
89
+
90
+ // Backward
91
+ digitalWrite(IN1, LOW);
92
+ digitalWrite(IN2, HIGH);
93
+ analogWrite(ENA, 200);
94
+ delay(2000);
95
+
96
+ // Stop
97
+ analogWrite(ENA, 0);
98
+ delay(1000);
99
+ }
100
+
101
+### simple demo code with inverter
102
+
103
+
104
+
105
+ const int ENA = 9; // PWM for speed
106
+ const int IN1 = 8; // Direction (IN2 is inverted in hardware)
107
+
108
+ void setup() {
109
+ pinMode(ENA, OUTPUT);
110
+ pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
111
+ }
112
+
113
+ void loop() {
114
+ // Forward
115
+ digitalWrite(IN1, HIGH); // IN2 becomes LOW due to inverter
116
+ analogWrite(ENA, 200); // Set speed
117
+ delay(2000);
118
+
119
+ // Stop
120
+ analogWrite(ENA, 0);
121
+ delay(1000);
122
+
123
+ // Backward
124
+ digitalWrite(IN1, LOW); // IN2 becomes HIGH due to inverter
125
+ analogWrite(ENA, 200); // Set speed
126
+ delay(2000);
127
+
128
+ // Stop
129
+ analogWrite(ENA, 0);
130
+ delay(1000);
131
+ }
132
+
133
+
134
+
135
+## ref
136
+
137
+- [[SDR1064-dat]] - [[motor-driver-dat]]
138
+
139
+- [[74LVC2G04-dat]] - [[logic-inverter-dat]] - [[logic-gate-dat]]
140
+
141
+- [[L293]] - [[TI-motor]]
142
+
143
+
Chip-dat/TPLINK-dat/TPLINK-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,39 +1,39 @@
1
-
2
-# TPLINK-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-
6
-## TPLINK router
7
-
8
-http://tplogin.cn/
9
-
10
-http://192.168.1.1/
11
-
12
-
13
-
14
-## TPLINK camera
15
-
16
-- [[stepper-dat]]
17
-
18
-[dissembled TP LINK security camera post ](https://www.electrodragon.com/teardown-a-tplink-security-camera-after-oil-soaking/)
19
-
20
-
21
-
22
-## microphone and front leds
23
-
24
-![](2025-12-10-15-22-12.png)
25
-
26
-
27
-## heat
28
-
29
-![](2025-12-12-18-20-52.png)
30
-
31
-
32
-- [[Heat-Dissipation-dat]]
33
-
34
-
35
-
36
-
37
-## ref
38
-
1
+
2
+# TPLINK-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+
6
+## TPLINK router
7
+
8
+http://tplogin.cn/
9
+
10
+http://192.168.1.1/
11
+
12
+
13
+
14
+## TPLINK camera
15
+
16
+- [[stepper-dat]]
17
+
18
+[dissembled TP LINK security camera post ](https://www.electrodragon.com/teardown-a-tplink-security-camera-after-oil-soaking/)
19
+
20
+
21
+
22
+## microphone and front leds
23
+
24
+![](2025-12-10-15-22-12.png)
25
+
26
+
27
+## heat
28
+
29
+![](2025-12-12-18-20-52.png)
30
+
31
+
32
+- [[Heat-Dissipation-dat]]
33
+
34
+
35
+
36
+
37
+## ref
38
+
39 39
- [[tplink]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
Chip-dat/raspberry-pi-dat/RPI-SBC-dat/RPI-SBC-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,66 +1,66 @@
1
-
2
-# raspberry pi dat
3
-
4
-
5
-- [[RPI-CM4-dat]] - [[RPI-CM4-expansion-board-dat]]
6
-
7
-
8
-- [[RPI-SDK-dat]]
9
-
10
-- [[RPI-HDK-dat]]
11
-
12
-- [[RPI3-dat]] - [[RPI4-dat]]
13
-
14
-- [[RPI-zero-dat]] - [[RPI-zero-w-dat]] - [[RPI-zero-2w-dat]]
15
-
16
-- official documentation - https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/
17
-
18
-
19
-
20
-
21
-
22
-## hardware
23
-
24
-- [[raspberry-pi-dat]] - [[interface-dat]] - [[serial-dat]]
25
-
26
-- [[3D-dat]]
27
-
28
-
29
-### boards
30
-
31
-- [[MPC1033-dat]]
32
-
33
-- [[MPC1073-dat]] - [[MPC1120-dat]]
34
-
35
-
36
-
37
-
38
-### power delivery
39
-
40
-In summary, the Raspberry Pi 3 can deliver a maximum of 50 mA to 150 mA from the 3.3V GPIO pins, but care should be taken not to exceed the individual pin limit of 16 mA for each GPIO pin. Always ensure that the total current drawn does not exceed the recommended limits to avoid damaging the board.
41
-
42
-### 3.3V power delivery
43
-
44
-All Raspberry Pi since the Model B+ can provide quite a bit more, up to 500mA to remain on the safe side, thanks to a switching regulator.
45
-
46
-- ref - https://pinout.xyz/pinout/pin1_3v3_power/#:~:text=The%203v3%20supply%20pin%20on,regulator%20for%203.3v%20projects.
47
-
48
-
49
-
50
-
51
-## I2C
52
-
53
-- turn on I2C functions at [[raspi-config]]
54
-
55
-
56
-
57
-
58
-
59
-
60
-
61
-## ref
62
-
63
-- [[SBC-dat]]
64
-
65
-- [[RPI]] - [[RPI-SBC]]
66
-
1
+
2
+# raspberry pi dat
3
+
4
+
5
+- [[RPI-CM4-dat]] - [[RPI-CM4-expansion-board-dat]]
6
+
7
+
8
+- [[RPI-SDK-dat]]
9
+
10
+- [[RPI-HDK-dat]]
11
+
12
+- [[RPI3-dat]] - [[RPI4-dat]]
13
+
14
+- [[RPI-zero-dat]] - [[RPI-zero-w-dat]] - [[RPI-zero-2w-dat]]
15
+
16
+- official documentation - https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/
17
+
18
+
19
+
20
+
21
+
22
+## hardware
23
+
24
+- [[raspberry-pi-dat]] - [[interface-dat]] - [[serial-dat]]
25
+
26
+- [[3D-dat]]
27
+
28
+
29
+### boards
30
+
31
+- [[MPC1033-dat]]
32
+
33
+- [[MPC1073-dat]] - [[MPC1120-dat]]
34
+
35
+
36
+
37
+
38
+### power delivery
39
+
40
+In summary, the Raspberry Pi 3 can deliver a maximum of 50 mA to 150 mA from the 3.3V GPIO pins, but care should be taken not to exceed the individual pin limit of 16 mA for each GPIO pin. Always ensure that the total current drawn does not exceed the recommended limits to avoid damaging the board.
41
+
42
+### 3.3V power delivery
43
+
44
+All Raspberry Pi since the Model B+ can provide quite a bit more, up to 500mA to remain on the safe side, thanks to a switching regulator.
45
+
46
+- ref - https://pinout.xyz/pinout/pin1_3v3_power/#:~:text=The%203v3%20supply%20pin%20on,regulator%20for%203.3v%20projects.
47
+
48
+
49
+
50
+
51
+## I2C
52
+
53
+- turn on I2C functions at [[raspi-config]]
54
+
55
+
56
+
57
+
58
+
59
+
60
+
61
+## ref
62
+
63
+- [[SBC-dat]]
64
+
65
+- [[RPI]] - [[RPI-SBC]]
66
+
Circuits-dat/logic-dat/Logic-level-shifter-dat/Logic-level-shifter-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,115 +1,115 @@
1
-
2
-# Logic-shifter-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-- [[logic-level-shifter-dat]] - [[74xx1G125-dat]] - [[74hct245-dat]] - [[74HC4050-dat]]
6
-
7
-
8
-## board
9
-
10
-- [[MSP1007-dat]]
11
-
12
-
13
-
14
-
15
-## Chip and solutions
16
-
17
-### bidirection logic shifter
18
-
19
-- [[TI-interface-dat]]
20
-
21
-- [[TXB0108-dat]] - [[BSS138-dat]]
22
-
23
-- [[LSF0102-dat]]
24
-
25
-- [[TXS0102-dat]] - [[TXS0108-dat]] - [[TI-logic-dat]]
26
-
27
-Surface Mount TXS0102DCUR VSSOP-8 2-bit Bidirectional Voltage Level Shifter Chip
28
-
29
-
30
-### one-direction logic shifter
31
-
32
-- [[74HCT245-dat]]
33
-
34
-
35
-
36
-
37
-
38
-## TXB010x VS TXS010x
39
-
40
-For the same reason, the TXB0108 should not be used in applications such as I2C or 1-Wire where an open-drain driver is connected on the bidirectional data I/O. For these applications, use a device from the TI TXS01xx series of level translators.
41
-
42
-| Type | Open-Drive | Push-pull | Examples |
43
-| -------- | ---------- | --------- | ----------- |
44
-| TXB 010x | × | | |
45
-| TXS 010x | ✔ | ✔ | I2C, 1-Wire |
46
-
47
-![](2024-04-30-16-16-14.png)
48
-
49
-Make sure the VCCA ≤VCCB.
50
-
51
-### Simple logic shifter for VBAT
52
-
53
-
54
-![](2025-04-18-18-57-43.png)
55
-
56
-
57
-
58
-
59
-## logic level shifter for UART
60
-
61
-simple passive solutions
62
-
63
-![](2026-05-03-16-08-41.png)
64
-
65
-via chip
66
-
67
-![](2025-07-10-18-34-29.png)
68
-
69
-- Diode + pull-up resistor on RXD
70
-
71
-
72
-## Simple I2C shifter
73
-
74
-- [[I2C-dat]]
75
-
76
-![](2025-07-13-01-24-51.png)
77
-
78
-![](2025-07-13-02-12-39.png)
79
-
80
-
81
-## 5V-3.3V
82
-
83
-- [[arduino-dat]] to 3.3V [[location-dat]] == [[serial-dat]]
84
-
85
-![](2026-01-19-13-32-16.png)
86
-
87
-
88
-general 5V-3V3 logic
89
-
90
-![](2026-02-05-20-24-24.png)
91
-
92
-
93
-
94
-- [[arduino-dat]] to 3.3V [[location-dat]] == [[SPI-dat]]
95
-
96
-![](2026-01-19-13-32-40.png)
97
-
98
-3.3V tolerant to [[RPI-SBC-dat]]
99
-
100
-![](2026-01-31-13-07-52.png)
101
-
102
-
103
-## unsort
104
-
105
-- MAX3372E–MAX3379E/MAX3390E–MAX3393E - ±15kV ESD-Protected, 1μA, 16Mbps, Dual/Quad Low-Voltage Level Translators in UCSP
106
-
107
-EOF
108
-
109
-IP4856CX25 - The device is an SD 3.0-compliant 6-bit bidirectional dual voltage level translator. It is designed to interface between a memory card operating at 1.8 V or 2.9 V signal levels and a host with a fixed nominal supply voltage of 1.7 V to 3.6 V. The device supports SD 3.0, SDR104, SDR50, DDR50, SDR25, SDR12 and SD 2.0 high-speed (50 MHz) and default-speed (25 MHz) modes. The device has an integrated voltage selectable low dropout regulator to supply the card-side I/Os, built-in EMI filters and robust ESD protections (IEC 61000-4-2, level 4).
110
-
111
-
112
-
113
-## ref
114
-
1
+
2
+# Logic-shifter-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+- [[logic-level-shifter-dat]] - [[74xx1G125-dat]] - [[74hct245-dat]] - [[74HC4050-dat]]
6
+
7
+
8
+## board
9
+
10
+- [[MSP1007-dat]]
11
+
12
+
13
+
14
+
15
+## Chip and solutions
16
+
17
+### bidirection logic shifter
18
+
19
+- [[TI-interface-dat]]
20
+
21
+- [[TXB0108-dat]] - [[BSS138-dat]]
22
+
23
+- [[LSF0102-dat]]
24
+
25
+- [[TXS0102-dat]] - [[TXS0108-dat]] - [[TI-logic-dat]]
26
+
27
+Surface Mount TXS0102DCUR VSSOP-8 2-bit Bidirectional Voltage Level Shifter Chip
28
+
29
+
30
+### one-direction logic shifter
31
+
32
+- [[74HCT245-dat]]
33
+
34
+
35
+
36
+
37
+
38
+## TXB010x VS TXS010x
39
+
40
+For the same reason, the TXB0108 should not be used in applications such as I2C or 1-Wire where an open-drain driver is connected on the bidirectional data I/O. For these applications, use a device from the TI TXS01xx series of level translators.
41
+
42
+| Type | Open-Drive | Push-pull | Examples |
43
+| -------- | ---------- | --------- | ----------- |
44
+| TXB 010x | × | | |
45
+| TXS 010x | ✔ | ✔ | I2C, 1-Wire |
46
+
47
+![](2024-04-30-16-16-14.png)
48
+
49
+Make sure the VCCA ≤VCCB.
50
+
51
+### Simple logic shifter for VBAT
52
+
53
+
54
+![](2025-04-18-18-57-43.png)
55
+
56
+
57
+
58
+
59
+## logic level shifter for UART
60
+
61
+simple passive solutions
62
+
63
+![](2026-05-03-16-08-41.png)
64
+
65
+via chip
66
+
67
+![](2025-07-10-18-34-29.png)
68
+
69
+- Diode + pull-up resistor on RXD
70
+
71
+
72
+## Simple I2C shifter
73
+
74
+- [[I2C-dat]]
75
+
76
+![](2025-07-13-01-24-51.png)
77
+
78
+![](2025-07-13-02-12-39.png)
79
+
80
+
81
+## 5V-3.3V
82
+
83
+- [[arduino-dat]] to 3.3V [[location-dat]] == [[serial-dat]]
84
+
85
+![](2026-01-19-13-32-16.png)
86
+
87
+
88
+general 5V-3V3 logic
89
+
90
+![](2026-02-05-20-24-24.png)
91
+
92
+
93
+
94
+- [[arduino-dat]] to 3.3V [[location-dat]] == [[SPI-dat]]
95
+
96
+![](2026-01-19-13-32-40.png)
97
+
98
+3.3V tolerant to [[RPI-SBC-dat]]
99
+
100
+![](2026-01-31-13-07-52.png)
101
+
102
+
103
+## unsort
104
+
105
+- MAX3372E–MAX3379E/MAX3390E–MAX3393E - ±15kV ESD-Protected, 1μA, 16Mbps, Dual/Quad Low-Voltage Level Translators in UCSP
106
+
107
+EOF
108
+
109
+IP4856CX25 - The device is an SD 3.0-compliant 6-bit bidirectional dual voltage level translator. It is designed to interface between a memory card operating at 1.8 V or 2.9 V signal levels and a host with a fixed nominal supply voltage of 1.7 V to 3.6 V. The device supports SD 3.0, SDR104, SDR50, DDR50, SDR25, SDR12 and SD 2.0 high-speed (50 MHz) and default-speed (25 MHz) modes. The device has an integrated voltage selectable low dropout regulator to supply the card-side I/Os, built-in EMI filters and robust ESD protections (IEC 61000-4-2, level 4).
110
+
111
+
112
+
113
+## ref
114
+
115 115
- [[logic-shifter]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
Tech-dat/Interface-dat/Serial-dat/Serial-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,171 +1,171 @@
1
-
2
-# serial-dat
3
-
4
-- [[serial-monitor-dat]]
5
-
6
-- [[serial-circuits-dat]] - [[auto-serial-dat]]
7
-
8
-- [[serial-cmd-dat]]
9
-
10
-
11
-- [legacy wiki page](https://w.electrodragon.com/w/Serial)
12
-
13
-- classic common options - [[CH340-dat]]
14
-
15
-- [[USB-sys-dat]] - [[Logic-level-shifter-dat]]
16
-
17
-- [[USB-dat]]
18
-
19
-
20
-
21
-## on board USB to TTL serial adapters check
22
-
23
-below is the variation of [[CH340-dat]]
24
-
25
-![](2026-02-07-18-57-06.png)
26
-
27
-
28
-## Usage
29
-
30
-from the perspective of the cable to the perspective of the target
31
-
32
-- Green = TXD -> target RXD
33
-- White = RXD -> target TXD
34
-- Red = VCC -> target +5V
35
-- Black = GND - > target GND
36
-
37
-![](32-40-17-24-07-2023.png)
38
-
39
-
40
-
41
-
42
-## Product links
43
-
44
-- [[PL2303-dat]]
45
-
46
-- [[CH340-dat]] - [[DPR1042-dat]] - [[DPR1039-dat]] - [[WCH-dat]]
47
-
48
-- [[CH343-dat]]
49
-
50
-- [[CH9102-dat]] - [[CH9104-dat]]
51
-
52
-- [[CP2102-dat]] - [[DPR1003-dat]], [[DPR1005-dat]] == replaceable by [[WCH-dat]]
53
-
54
-- [[CP2104-dat]]
55
-
56
-- [[FT232-dat]] - [[DPR1029-dat]] - [[FTDI-dat]]
57
-
58
-- 4x channels - [[DPR1120-dat]]
59
-
60
-[[DPR1153-dat]]
61
-
62
-- [[holtek-dat]] - [[HT42B534-dat]]
63
-
64
-## Use case
65
-
66
-
67
-### programming for ESP32 or ESP8266 :
68
-
69
-- TXD -> RXD
70
-- RXD -> TXD
71
-- 5V -> 5V
72
-- GND -> GND.
73
-
74
-Booting Mode select
75
-
76
- Hold down IO0 button, and connect power supply to enter into flash mode
77
- do NOT Hold down IO0 button, and connect power supply to enter into normal mode
78
-
79
-- please note for [[ESP32-C3-dat]], the programming mode select pin is (button) IO9
80
-
81
-
82
-### Programming Wiring
83
-
84
-
85
-
86
-- for [[NWI1126-dat]]
87
-
88
-![](2023-09-27-16-07-06.png)
89
-
90
-
91
-### Confirm selected Mode
92
-
93
-- The COM port monitor used below is [[com-monitor-dat]]
94
-- if your actions are all correct, the module should enter into correct module, and print output as below
95
-- In this mode, you can close the monitor, and further programming it with other SDK like [[arduino-esp32-dat]]
96
-
97
-![](2023-09-27-16-05-42.png)
98
-
99
-
100
-### troubleshooting checklist
101
-- reverse TX RX in case wrong wiring of communication
102
-
103
-## Applications
104
-
105
-### Flash target MCU microcontroller
106
-![](2023-12-19-16-16-01.png)
107
-
108
-### communicate with GPS module
109
-![](2024-01-13-12-35-57.png)
110
-
111
-### FTDI FT232RL programming arduino pro mini
112
-
113
-- [[DPR1029-dat]] to [[DAR1010-dat]], [[DAR1007-dat]]
114
-
115
-![](2024-04-03-15-04-50.png)
116
-
117
-
118
-
119
-### Programming STM32
120
-
121
-
122
-![](2024-10-08-17-30-56.png)
123
-
124
-- [[STM32-dat]] - ISP USART
125
-* BOOT0 should be pull to high, foce chip into system memory
126
-* Flash loader demostrator from official ST = Flasher
127
-* https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/flasher-stm32.html
128
-
129
-![](2024-07-05-17-39-17.png)
130
-![](2024-07-05-17-39-28.png)
131
-![](2024-07-05-17-39-45.png)
132
-
133
-
134
-
135
-
136
-
137
-## categorized by target friendly
138
-
139
-- [[Arduino-ide-dat]] == [[CH9102-dat]] - [[CH9104-dat]] - [[FT232RL-dat]] - [[CP2102-dat]] - [[CP2104-dat]]
140
-
141
-
142
-## driver
143
-
144
-- https://github.com/Edragon/COM-Driver
145
-- https://github.com/Edragon/git-Debug
146
-- https://github.com/Edragon/Tools
147
-
148
-
149
-
150
-## APP
151
-
152
-- [[serial-dat]] - [[DTU-dat]]
153
-
154
-## demo
155
-
156
-serial flashing with DTR pin for [[arduino-dat]]
157
-
158
-![](2026-04-28-13-12-05.png)
159
-
160
-
161
-## ref
162
-software [[com-monitor-dat]]
163
-
164
-- [[ESP-SDK-dat]]
165
-
166
-### other interface
167
-
168
-- [[RS485-DAT]] - [[RS232-dat]] - [[I2C-dat]]
169
-
170
-
1
+
2
+# serial-dat
3
+
4
+- [[serial-monitor-dat]]
5
+
6
+- [[serial-circuits-dat]] - [[auto-serial-dat]]
7
+
8
+- [[serial-cmd-dat]]
9
+
10
+
11
+- [legacy wiki page](https://w.electrodragon.com/w/Serial)
12
+
13
+- classic common options - [[CH340-dat]]
14
+
15
+- [[USB-sys-dat]] - [[Logic-level-shifter-dat]]
16
+
17
+- [[USB-dat]]
18
+
19
+
20
+
21
+## on board USB to TTL serial adapters check
22
+
23
+below is the variation of [[CH340-dat]]
24
+
25
+![](2026-02-07-18-57-06.png)
26
+
27
+
28
+## Usage
29
+
30
+from the perspective of the cable to the perspective of the target
31
+
32
+- Green = TXD -> target RXD
33
+- White = RXD -> target TXD
34
+- Red = VCC -> target +5V
35
+- Black = GND - > target GND
36
+
37
+![](32-40-17-24-07-2023.png)
38
+
39
+
40
+
41
+
42
+## Product links
43
+
44
+- [[PL2303-dat]]
45
+
46
+- [[CH340-dat]] - [[DPR1042-dat]] - [[DPR1039-dat]] - [[WCH-dat]]
47
+
48
+- [[CH343-dat]]
49
+
50
+- [[CH9102-dat]] - [[CH9104-dat]]
51
+
52
+- [[CP2102-dat]] - [[DPR1003-dat]], [[DPR1005-dat]] == replaceable by [[WCH-dat]]
53
+
54
+- [[CP2104-dat]]
55
+
56
+- [[FT232-dat]] - [[DPR1029-dat]] - [[FTDI-dat]]
57
+
58
+- 4x channels - [[DPR1120-dat]]
59
+
60
+[[DPR1153-dat]]
61
+
62
+- [[holtek-dat]] - [[HT42B534-dat]]
63
+
64
+## Use case
65
+
66
+
67
+### programming for ESP32 or ESP8266 :
68
+
69
+- TXD -> RXD
70
+- RXD -> TXD
71
+- 5V -> 5V
72
+- GND -> GND.
73
+
74
+Booting Mode select
75
+
76
+ Hold down IO0 button, and connect power supply to enter into flash mode
77
+ do NOT Hold down IO0 button, and connect power supply to enter into normal mode
78
+
79
+- please note for [[ESP32-C3-dat]], the programming mode select pin is (button) IO9
80
+
81
+
82
+### Programming Wiring
83
+
84
+
85
+
86
+- for [[NWI1126-dat]]
87
+
88
+![](2023-09-27-16-07-06.png)
89
+
90
+
91
+### Confirm selected Mode
92
+
93
+- The COM port monitor used below is [[com-monitor-dat]]
94
+- if your actions are all correct, the module should enter into correct module, and print output as below
95
+- In this mode, you can close the monitor, and further programming it with other SDK like [[arduino-esp32-dat]]
96
+
97
+![](2023-09-27-16-05-42.png)
98
+
99
+
100
+### troubleshooting checklist
101
+- reverse TX RX in case wrong wiring of communication
102
+
103
+## Applications
104
+
105
+### Flash target MCU microcontroller
106
+![](2023-12-19-16-16-01.png)
107
+
108
+### communicate with GPS module
109
+![](2024-01-13-12-35-57.png)
110
+
111
+### FTDI FT232RL programming arduino pro mini
112
+
113
+- [[DPR1029-dat]] to [[DAR1010-dat]], [[DAR1007-dat]]
114
+
115
+![](2024-04-03-15-04-50.png)
116
+
117
+
118
+
119
+### Programming STM32
120
+
121
+
122
+![](2024-10-08-17-30-56.png)
123
+
124
+- [[STM32-dat]] - ISP USART
125
+* BOOT0 should be pull to high, foce chip into system memory
126
+* Flash loader demostrator from official ST = Flasher
127
+* https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/flasher-stm32.html
128
+
129
+![](2024-07-05-17-39-17.png)
130
+![](2024-07-05-17-39-28.png)
131
+![](2024-07-05-17-39-45.png)
132
+
133
+
134
+
135
+
136
+
137
+## categorized by target friendly
138
+
139
+- [[Arduino-ide-dat]] == [[CH9102-dat]] - [[CH9104-dat]] - [[FT232RL-dat]] - [[CP2102-dat]] - [[CP2104-dat]]
140
+
141
+
142
+## driver
143
+
144
+- https://github.com/Edragon/COM-Driver
145
+- https://github.com/Edragon/git-Debug
146
+- https://github.com/Edragon/Tools
147
+
148
+
149
+
150
+## APP
151
+
152
+- [[serial-dat]] - [[DTU-dat]]
153
+
154
+## demo
155
+
156
+serial flashing with DTR pin for [[arduino-dat]]
157
+
158
+![](2026-04-28-13-12-05.png)
159
+
160
+
161
+## ref
162
+software [[com-monitor-dat]]
163
+
164
+- [[ESP-SDK-dat]]
165
+
166
+### other interface
167
+
168
+- [[RS485-DAT]] - [[RS232-dat]] - [[I2C-dat]]
169
+
170
+
171 171
- [[usb-ttl]] - [[serial]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
Tech-dat/Interface-dat/interface-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,136 +1,136 @@
1
-
2
-# interface-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-- [[interface-dat]] - [[TWSI-dat]] - [[RSB-dat]] - [[AXP2101-dat]]
6
-
7
-- [[signal-output-dat]] - [[signal-input-dat]] - [[interface-dat]] - [[74hct245-dat]] - [[74xx-dat]]
8
-
9
-- [[LMxx-dat]]
10
-
11
-
12
-- [[interface-SDK-dat]]
13
-
14
-- [[peripherals-dat]]
15
-
16
-- [[RS485-DAT]] - [[modbus-dat]] == board [[MSP1076-dat]]
17
-
18
-- [[RS232-dat]] - [[RS422-dat]] - [[can-dat]]
19
-
20
-- [[POE-dat]]
21
-
22
-- [[I2C-dat]] - [[I2S-dat]] - [[SPI-dat]] - [[USB-TTL-dat]] - [[serial-dat]] - [[1-wire-dat]] - [[PWM-dat]]
23
-
24
-- [[DAC-dat]] - [[ADC-dat]] - [[serial-dat]]
25
-
26
-- [[PDM-dat]]
27
-
28
-- [[MIDI-dat]] - [[BNC-dat]]
29
-
30
-- [[parallel-dat]]
31
-
32
-- [[camera-interface-dat]]
33
-
34
-- [[PCIE-dat]] - [[mini-PCIE-dat]]
35
-
36
-- [[HDMI-dat]] - [[displayport-dat]]
37
-
38
-- [[LVDS-dat]] - [[HDMI-dat]] - [[VGA-dat]] - [[NTSC-dat]] - [[PAL-dat]] - [[interface-video-dat]] - [[interface-dat]] - [[displayport-dat]]
39
-
40
-more at [[cable-dat]] - [[fiber-optic-dat]] - [[toslink-dat]]
41
-
42
-long range secure by cable - [[RS485-dat]] - [[fiber-optic-dat]] - [[POF-dat]] - [[ethernet-dat]], see more comparsion in page [[fiber-optic-dat]] - [[SFP-transceiver-dat]]
43
-
44
-- [[ethernet-dat]]
45
-
46
-
47
-
48
-- [[analog-dat]] - [[digital-dat]]
49
-
50
-- [[USB-dat]] - [[USB-sys-dat]] - [[USB-OTG-dat]]
51
-
52
-- [[interface-interactive-dat]]
53
-
54
-- [[footprint-dat]] - [[DC40-dat]]
55
-
56
-- [[io-expander-dat]]
57
-
58
-- [[ADC-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]]
59
-
60
-- [[HUB75-dat]] - [[HUB08-dat]] - [[HUB30-dat]] - mono-color == [[HUB12-dat]] - [[led-rgb-panel-dat]]
61
-
62
-- [[parallel-pin-dat]]
63
-
64
-## special interface
65
-
66
-- [[powerbus-dat]]
67
-
68
-
69
-## Breakout boards
70
-
71
-[[RS232-dat]] breakout
72
-
73
-- [[DPR1084-dat]] - [[DPR1073-dat]] - [[DPR1054-dat]]
74
-
75
-[[RS232-RS485-dat]] breakout
76
-
77
-RS232 to RS485 module - [[DPR1080-dat]]
78
-
79
-[[RS485-dat]] breakout
80
-
81
-- [[DPR1060-dat]] - [[MSP1076-dat]]
82
-
83
-[[CAN-dat]] breakout
84
-
85
-- SPI to CAN [[MSP1032-dat]]
86
-- Serial to CAN
87
-
88
-
89
-[[RS422-dat]] breakout
90
-
91
-- [[DPR1097-dat]] - [[DPR1098-dat]]
92
-
93
-[[Serial-dat]] breakout
94
-
95
-- PL2303 [[DPR1041-dat]] - CH340 [[DPR1042-dat]]
96
-- CP2102 - [[DPR1003-dat]], [[DPR1005-dat]]
97
-- 4x channels - [[DPR1120-dat]]
98
-
99
-
100
-[[POE-dat]] breakout board
101
-
102
-[[powerbus-dat]]
103
-
104
-
105
-## Boards with breakout boards
106
-
107
-For ESP32
108
-- [[NWI1245-dat]] with [[RS485-dat]] and [[CAN-dat]] interface
109
-
110
-For Raspberry Pi
111
-- [[ITF1000-dat]]
112
-
113
-
114
-
115
-## unsort
116
-
117
-- [[renesas-dat]] - ISL3280E, ISL3281E, ISL3282E, ISL3283E, ISL3284E - ±16.5kV ESD Protected, +125°C, 3.0V to 5.5V, SOT-23/TDFN Packaged, 20Mbps, Full Fail-safe, Low Power, RS-485/RS-422 Receivers
118
-
119
-
120
-
121
-## REF
122
-
123
-- github eagle CAD footprint repository - [[eagle-cad-dat]]
124
-
125
-- [[CONN-dat]] - [[power-dat]]
126
-
127
-- [[interface]] - [[CAN]]
128
-
129
-
130
-## Demo video
131
-
132
-- RS485 / RS422 / RS232 / CAN brekaout board with ESP32 ISO Board test - [youtube here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ea_zn8Yjx-0&t=3s&ab_channel=Electrodragon).
133
-
134
-- RS232 RS485 module boards test
135
-- https://www.youtube.com/shorts/BCYFG2o0iMA
136
-
1
+
2
+# interface-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+- [[interface-dat]] - [[TWSI-dat]] - [[RSB-dat]] - [[AXP2101-dat]]
6
+
7
+- [[signal-output-dat]] - [[signal-input-dat]] - [[interface-dat]] - [[74hct245-dat]] - [[74xx-dat]]
8
+
9
+- [[LMxx-dat]]
10
+
11
+
12
+- [[interface-SDK-dat]]
13
+
14
+- [[peripherals-dat]]
15
+
16
+- [[RS485-DAT]] - [[modbus-dat]] == board [[MSP1076-dat]]
17
+
18
+- [[RS232-dat]] - [[RS422-dat]] - [[can-dat]]
19
+
20
+- [[POE-dat]]
21
+
22
+- [[I2C-dat]] - [[I2S-dat]] - [[SPI-dat]] - [[USB-TTL-dat]] - [[serial-dat]] - [[1-wire-dat]] - [[PWM-dat]]
23
+
24
+- [[DAC-dat]] - [[ADC-dat]] - [[serial-dat]]
25
+
26
+- [[PDM-dat]]
27
+
28
+- [[MIDI-dat]] - [[BNC-dat]]
29
+
30
+- [[parallel-dat]]
31
+
32
+- [[camera-interface-dat]]
33
+
34
+- [[PCIE-dat]] - [[mini-PCIE-dat]]
35
+
36
+- [[HDMI-dat]] - [[displayport-dat]]
37
+
38
+- [[LVDS-dat]] - [[HDMI-dat]] - [[VGA-dat]] - [[NTSC-dat]] - [[PAL-dat]] - [[interface-video-dat]] - [[interface-dat]] - [[displayport-dat]]
39
+
40
+more at [[cable-dat]] - [[fiber-optic-dat]] - [[toslink-dat]]
41
+
42
+long range secure by cable - [[RS485-dat]] - [[fiber-optic-dat]] - [[POF-dat]] - [[ethernet-dat]], see more comparsion in page [[fiber-optic-dat]] - [[SFP-transceiver-dat]]
43
+
44
+- [[ethernet-dat]]
45
+
46
+
47
+
48
+- [[analog-dat]] - [[digital-dat]]
49
+
50
+- [[USB-dat]] - [[USB-sys-dat]] - [[USB-OTG-dat]]
51
+
52
+- [[interface-interactive-dat]]
53
+
54
+- [[footprint-dat]] - [[DC40-dat]]
55
+
56
+- [[io-expander-dat]]
57
+
58
+- [[ADC-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]]
59
+
60
+- [[HUB75-dat]] - [[HUB08-dat]] - [[HUB30-dat]] - mono-color == [[HUB12-dat]] - [[led-rgb-panel-dat]]
61
+
62
+- [[parallel-pin-dat]]
63
+
64
+## special interface
65
+
66
+- [[powerbus-dat]]
67
+
68
+
69
+## Breakout boards
70
+
71
+[[RS232-dat]] breakout
72
+
73
+- [[DPR1084-dat]] - [[DPR1073-dat]] - [[DPR1054-dat]]
74
+
75
+[[RS232-RS485-dat]] breakout
76
+
77
+RS232 to RS485 module - [[DPR1080-dat]]
78
+
79
+[[RS485-dat]] breakout
80
+
81
+- [[DPR1060-dat]] - [[MSP1076-dat]]
82
+
83
+[[CAN-dat]] breakout
84
+
85
+- SPI to CAN [[MSP1032-dat]]
86
+- Serial to CAN
87
+
88
+
89
+[[RS422-dat]] breakout
90
+
91
+- [[DPR1097-dat]] - [[DPR1098-dat]]
92
+
93
+[[Serial-dat]] breakout
94
+
95
+- PL2303 [[DPR1041-dat]] - CH340 [[DPR1042-dat]]
96
+- CP2102 - [[DPR1003-dat]], [[DPR1005-dat]]
97
+- 4x channels - [[DPR1120-dat]]
98
+
99
+
100
+[[POE-dat]] breakout board
101
+
102
+[[powerbus-dat]]
103
+
104
+
105
+## Boards with breakout boards
106
+
107
+For ESP32
108
+- [[NWI1245-dat]] with [[RS485-dat]] and [[CAN-dat]] interface
109
+
110
+For Raspberry Pi
111
+- [[ITF1000-dat]]
112
+
113
+
114
+
115
+## unsort
116
+
117
+- [[renesas-dat]] - ISL3280E, ISL3281E, ISL3282E, ISL3283E, ISL3284E - ±16.5kV ESD Protected, +125°C, 3.0V to 5.5V, SOT-23/TDFN Packaged, 20Mbps, Full Fail-safe, Low Power, RS-485/RS-422 Receivers
118
+
119
+
120
+
121
+## REF
122
+
123
+- github eagle CAD footprint repository - [[eagle-cad-dat]]
124
+
125
+- [[CONN-dat]] - [[power-dat]]
126
+
127
+- [[interface]] - [[CAN]]
128
+
129
+
130
+## Demo video
131
+
132
+- RS485 / RS422 / RS232 / CAN brekaout board with ESP32 ISO Board test - [youtube here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ea_zn8Yjx-0&t=3s&ab_channel=Electrodragon).
133
+
134
+- RS232 RS485 module boards test
135
+- https://www.youtube.com/shorts/BCYFG2o0iMA
136
+
Tech-dat/audio-dat/PGA-dat/PGA-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,53 +1,53 @@
1
-
2
-# PGA-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-### Audio Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) Overview
6
-
7
-An **Audio PGA** is a specialized circuit used to bridge the gap between digital control and analog audio signals. It allows a microcontroller to precisely adjust the volume or signal strength of an audio path without the mechanical wear or signal degradation associated with traditional potentiometers.
8
-
9
----
10
-
11
-### 1. Functional Block Diagram
12
-A typical Audio PGA consists of three main stages:
13
-* **Digital Interface:** Receives gain commands via `I2C`, `SPI`, or `parallel pins`. - [[interface-dat]]
14
-* **Control Logic:** Translates digital bits into specific switch configurations.
15
-* **Resistor Ladder / Op-Amp:** A network of high-precision resistors that physically changes the gain of the analog signal.
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
----
20
-
21
-### 2. Key Technical Specifications
22
-
23
-| Parameter | Importance in Audio |
24
-| :--- | :--- |
25
-| **Gain Range** | Typically ranges from attenuation (e.g., -95 dB) to boost (e.g., +31 dB). |
26
-| **Step Size** | The resolution of control, often 0.5 dB or 1.0 dB per step for smooth transitions. |
27
-| **THD+N** | Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise; essential for maintaining "Hi-Fi" transparency. |
28
-| **Crosstalk** | The isolation between left and right channels in stereo PGA chips. |
29
-
30
----
31
-
32
-### 3. Advanced Features
33
-
34
-#### Zero-Crossing Detection (ZCD)
35
-One of the most critical features in audio PGAs. If gain changes exactly when a sound wave is at its peak, it creates an instant voltage jump, heard as a "click" or "pop." ZCD waits until the audio signal crosses **0V** before applying the new gain setting, ensuring a silent transition.
36
-
37
-
38
-
39
-#### Mute Functionality
40
-Most PGAs include a hardware or software "Mute" bit that quickly pulls the output to ground or high-impedance, useful for power-on sequences to protect speakers.
41
-
42
----
43
-
44
-### 4. Hardware Implementation Example
45
-When connecting an Audio PGA to a system, the wiring generally follows this pattern:
46
-
47
-1. **Analog Section:**
48
- * **$V_{in}$:** The low-level audio signal (e.g., from a DAC or microphone).
49
- * **$V_{out}$:** The amplified signal heading to a power amp or ADC.
50
- * **Analog Ground ($AGND$):** Kept separate from digital ground to prevent noise.
51
-2. **Digital Section:**
52
- * **$SCLK / SDATA$:** Communication lines from the controller.
1
+
2
+# PGA-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+### Audio Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) Overview
6
+
7
+An **Audio PGA** is a specialized circuit used to bridge the gap between digital control and analog audio signals. It allows a microcontroller to precisely adjust the volume or signal strength of an audio path without the mechanical wear or signal degradation associated with traditional potentiometers.
8
+
9
+---
10
+
11
+### 1. Functional Block Diagram
12
+A typical Audio PGA consists of three main stages:
13
+* **Digital Interface:** Receives gain commands via `I2C`, `SPI`, or `parallel pins`. - [[interface-dat]]
14
+* **Control Logic:** Translates digital bits into specific switch configurations.
15
+* **Resistor Ladder / Op-Amp:** A network of high-precision resistors that physically changes the gain of the analog signal.
16
+
17
+
18
+
19
+---
20
+
21
+### 2. Key Technical Specifications
22
+
23
+| Parameter | Importance in Audio |
24
+| :--- | :--- |
25
+| **Gain Range** | Typically ranges from attenuation (e.g., -95 dB) to boost (e.g., +31 dB). |
26
+| **Step Size** | The resolution of control, often 0.5 dB or 1.0 dB per step for smooth transitions. |
27
+| **THD+N** | Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise; essential for maintaining "Hi-Fi" transparency. |
28
+| **Crosstalk** | The isolation between left and right channels in stereo PGA chips. |
29
+
30
+---
31
+
32
+### 3. Advanced Features
33
+
34
+#### Zero-Crossing Detection (ZCD)
35
+One of the most critical features in audio PGAs. If gain changes exactly when a sound wave is at its peak, it creates an instant voltage jump, heard as a "click" or "pop." ZCD waits until the audio signal crosses **0V** before applying the new gain setting, ensuring a silent transition.
36
+
37
+
38
+
39
+#### Mute Functionality
40
+Most PGAs include a hardware or software "Mute" bit that quickly pulls the output to ground or high-impedance, useful for power-on sequences to protect speakers.
41
+
42
+---
43
+
44
+### 4. Hardware Implementation Example
45
+When connecting an Audio PGA to a system, the wiring generally follows this pattern:
46
+
47
+1. **Analog Section:**
48
+ * **$V_{in}$:** The low-level audio signal (e.g., from a DAC or microphone).
49
+ * **$V_{out}$:** The amplified signal heading to a power amp or ADC.
50
+ * **Analog Ground ($AGND$):** Kept separate from digital ground to prevent noise.
51
+2. **Digital Section:**
52
+ * **$SCLK / SDATA$:** Communication lines from the controller.
53 53
* **$CS$ (Chip Select):** Used to address the specific PGA in a multi-chip array.
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
Tech-dat/audio-dat/audio-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,107 +1,107 @@
1
-
2
-# audio-dat
3
-
4
-- [[adc-dat]] - [[pdm-dat]] - [[pga-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
5
-
6
-- [[audio-dat]] - [[codec-audio-dat]] - [[amplifier-audio-dat]] - [[speaker-dat]] - [[speaker-I2S-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]]
7
-
8
-
9
-- [[mp3-dat]] - [[wav-dat]] - [[mp3-decoder-dat]] - [[wave-dat]]
10
-
11
-- [[amplifier-dat]] - [[dac-dat]] - [[amplifier-audio-dat]]
12
-
13
-
14
-- [[I2S-dac-dat]] - [[microphone-I2S-dat]] - [[speaker-I2S-dat]] - [[I2S-amplifier-dat]]
15
-
16
-- [[bt-audio-dat]]
17
-
18
-- [[playback-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
19
-
20
-- [[MIDI-dat]]
21
-
22
-- [[codec-audio-dat]] - [[codec-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
23
-
24
-
25
-
26
-
27
-## chip
28
-
29
-
30
-- [[ES9023-dat]] - [[ESS-technology-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
31
-
32
-- [[everest-semi-dat]] - [[ES8311-dat]] - [[ES7201-dat]]
33
-
34
-
35
-
36
-- [[TDA-dat]] - [[TI-audio-dat]] - [[VLSI-dat]] - [[cirrus-dat]] - [[ISD-dat]]
37
-
38
-- [[Maxim-dat]]
39
-
40
-
41
-## tech
42
-
43
-- [[voice-detection-dat]] - [[voice-control-dat]] - [[voice-dat]] - [[sound-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
44
-
45
-
46
-## sound frequency
47
-
48
- const int frequency = 600; // Frequency of the square wave in Hz (600 cycles per second)
49
- const int amplitude = 500; // Amplitude of the square wave (controls loudness)
50
- const int sampleRate = 4000; // Sample rate in Hz (samples per second for accurate waveform)
51
-
52
-Frequency (440 Hz):
53
-
54
-- 440 Hz is a standard musical note (A4), which is very clear and noticeable to human ears.
55
-- It’s neither too low nor too high, making it a great choice for testing.
56
-
57
-Sample Rate (8000 Hz):
58
-
59
-- The sample rate should be at least twice the frequency (Nyquist theorem). For 440 Hz, 8000 Hz ensures clear sound.
60
-- It’s also lightweight for the ESP32 to process, leaving room for other tasks.
61
-
62
-
63
-Amplitude Tuning:
64
-
65
-If 500 is too quiet, you can increase the amplitude up to 32767 (maximum for 16-bit audio).
66
-Different Frequencies: If you'd like to test other audible frequencies, try values like:
67
-
68
-- 523 Hz (C5) – A clear and bright tone.
69
-- 880 Hz (A5) – A higher-pitched tone.
70
-- 262 Hz (C4) – A lower-pitched tone.
71
-
72
-
73
-## SCH
74
-
75
-wiring to [[D1-dat]] - [[F133-dat]]
76
-
77
-
78
-![](2025-08-07-12-47-41.png)
79
-
80
-
81
-SCH2
82
-
83
-- PA [[amplifier-audio-dat]] - [[speaker-dat]] - [[sensor-microphone-dat]]
84
-
85
-![](2025-11-01-19-39-39.png)
86
-
87
-
88
-## code library
89
-
90
-- https://github.com/kosme/arduinoFFT
91
-
92
-
93
-## analog audio SCH
94
-
95
-- [[sensor-microphone-dat]]
96
-
97
-- [[PAM8301-dat]]
98
-
99
-![](2025-08-09-17-21-45.png)
100
-
101
-
102
-
103
-## ref
104
-
105
-- [[video-dat]] - [[HDMI-dat]]
106
-
1
+
2
+# audio-dat
3
+
4
+- [[adc-dat]] - [[pdm-dat]] - [[pga-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
5
+
6
+- [[audio-dat]] - [[codec-audio-dat]] - [[amplifier-audio-dat]] - [[speaker-dat]] - [[speaker-I2S-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]]
7
+
8
+
9
+- [[mp3-dat]] - [[wav-dat]] - [[mp3-decoder-dat]] - [[wave-dat]]
10
+
11
+- [[amplifier-dat]] - [[dac-dat]] - [[amplifier-audio-dat]]
12
+
13
+
14
+- [[I2S-dac-dat]] - [[microphone-I2S-dat]] - [[speaker-I2S-dat]] - [[I2S-amplifier-dat]]
15
+
16
+- [[bt-audio-dat]]
17
+
18
+- [[playback-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
19
+
20
+- [[MIDI-dat]]
21
+
22
+- [[codec-audio-dat]] - [[codec-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
23
+
24
+
25
+
26
+
27
+## chip
28
+
29
+
30
+- [[ES9023-dat]] - [[ESS-technology-dat]] - [[DAC-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
31
+
32
+- [[everest-semi-dat]] - [[ES8311-dat]] - [[ES7201-dat]]
33
+
34
+
35
+
36
+- [[TDA-dat]] - [[TI-audio-dat]] - [[VLSI-dat]] - [[cirrus-dat]] - [[ISD-dat]]
37
+
38
+- [[Maxim-dat]]
39
+
40
+
41
+## tech
42
+
43
+- [[voice-detection-dat]] - [[voice-control-dat]] - [[voice-dat]] - [[sound-dat]] - [[audio-dat]]
44
+
45
+
46
+## sound frequency
47
+
48
+ const int frequency = 600; // Frequency of the square wave in Hz (600 cycles per second)
49
+ const int amplitude = 500; // Amplitude of the square wave (controls loudness)
50
+ const int sampleRate = 4000; // Sample rate in Hz (samples per second for accurate waveform)
51
+
52
+Frequency (440 Hz):
53
+
54
+- 440 Hz is a standard musical note (A4), which is very clear and noticeable to human ears.
55
+- It’s neither too low nor too high, making it a great choice for testing.
56
+
57
+Sample Rate (8000 Hz):
58
+
59
+- The sample rate should be at least twice the frequency (Nyquist theorem). For 440 Hz, 8000 Hz ensures clear sound.
60
+- It’s also lightweight for the ESP32 to process, leaving room for other tasks.
61
+
62
+
63
+Amplitude Tuning:
64
+
65
+If 500 is too quiet, you can increase the amplitude up to 32767 (maximum for 16-bit audio).
66
+Different Frequencies: If you'd like to test other audible frequencies, try values like:
67
+
68
+- 523 Hz (C5) – A clear and bright tone.
69
+- 880 Hz (A5) – A higher-pitched tone.
70
+- 262 Hz (C4) – A lower-pitched tone.
71
+
72
+
73
+## SCH
74
+
75
+wiring to [[D1-dat]] - [[F133-dat]]
76
+
77
+
78
+![](2025-08-07-12-47-41.png)
79
+
80
+
81
+SCH2
82
+
83
+- PA [[amplifier-audio-dat]] - [[speaker-dat]] - [[sensor-microphone-dat]]
84
+
85
+![](2025-11-01-19-39-39.png)
86
+
87
+
88
+## code library
89
+
90
+- https://github.com/kosme/arduinoFFT
91
+
92
+
93
+## analog audio SCH
94
+
95
+- [[sensor-microphone-dat]]
96
+
97
+- [[PAM8301-dat]]
98
+
99
+![](2025-08-09-17-21-45.png)
100
+
101
+
102
+
103
+## ref
104
+
105
+- [[video-dat]] - [[HDMI-dat]]
106
+
107 107
- https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/libraries/arduinofft/
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
fab-dat/fab-soldering-dat/PCB-soldering-skills-dat/PCB-soldering-skills-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
1
-
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-# fab-PCB-soldering-skills-dat
3
-
4
-
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-- use soldering flux
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-
7
-- to resolder a chip, and to keep all the pins well contact, add weight on the chip to gain better contact
8
-
9
-![](2026-02-20-19-27-47.png)
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-
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-
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-
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-
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-## hang soldering
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-
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-![](2026-05-03-18-38-14.png)
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-
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-![](2026-05-03-18-38-25.png)
1
+
2
+# fab-PCB-soldering-skills-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+- use soldering flux
6
+
7
+- to resolder a chip, and to keep all the pins well contact, add weight on the chip to gain better contact
8
+
9
+![](2026-02-20-19-27-47.png)
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+## hang soldering
15
+
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+![](2026-05-03-18-38-14.png)
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+
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+![](2026-05-03-18-38-25.png)