BOM-DAT/Resistor-Dat/Thermistor-dat/Thermistor-dat.md
... ...
@@ -6,3 +6,53 @@
6 6
- PTC
7 7
- NTC
8 8
9
+NTC 5D-15
10
+
11
+An NTC thermistor is a temperature-dependent resistor whose resistance decreases as temperature increases.
12
+
13
+Basic behavior
14
+
15
+ Temperature ↑ → Resistance ↓
16
+ Temperature ↓ → Resistance ↑
17
+
18
+
19
+## usage
20
+
21
+
22
+### 1️⃣ Inrush current limiting (very common)
23
+
24
+- Placed in series with AC input
25
+- Cold → high resistance → limits surge current
26
+- Heats up → resistance drops → normal operation
27
+
28
+
29
+Typical applications:
30
+
31
+- SMPS power supplies
32
+- AC adapters
33
+- LED drivers
34
+- Motor controllers
35
+
36
+connect
37
+
38
+ AC L ── NTC ── Bridge ── Bulk Capacitor
39
+
40
+
41
+### 2️⃣ Temperature sensing
42
+
43
+Used as a temperature sensor
44
+
45
+Very sensitive, non-linear response
46
+
47
+Used in:
48
+
49
+- Battery packs
50
+- Chargers
51
+- Thermostats
52
+- 3D printers
53
+- HVAC systems
54
+
55
+
56
+## ref
57
+
58
+- [[resistor-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
BOM-DAT/capacitor-dat/capacitor-dat.md
... ...
@@ -16,7 +16,26 @@ common brand: Chemi-Con, Vishay, TDK, Pansonic, KEMET, Nichicon
16 16
17 17
- [[capacitor-decoupling-dat]]
18 18
19
-- [[start-capacitor-dat]] - [[CBB-capacitor-dat]]
19
+- [[capacitor-start-dat]] - [[capacitor-CBB-dat]]
20
+
21
+- [[capacitor-x-y-dat]]
22
+
23
+
24
+
25
+
26
+## capacitor CBB and types
27
+
28
+CBB capacitors are non-polarized, metallized polypropylene film capacitors known for high stability, low loss, and excellent self-healing properties. Operating commonly between \(63V\) to \(2000V\), they are ideal for high-frequency, AC motor running, filtering, and power supply applications. They come in various types, including CBB22 (general film) and CBB60/CBB61 (motor run). 
29
+
30
+
31
+| Marking | Dielectric | Typical Use |
32
+| --------- | ------------------ | ---------------------------- |
33
+| CBB / MKP | Polypropylene (PP) | Audio, timing, AC, precision |
34
+| MKT | Polyester (PET) | General-purpose |
35
+| X7R | Ceramic | Decoupling, compact size |
36
+| C0G/NP0 | Ceramic | RF, precision |
37
+
38
+
20 39
21 40
## Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors - Radial Leaded
22 41
... ...
@@ -24,7 +43,7 @@ UPM1C102MPD
24 43
25 44
- Capacitance: 1000 uF
26 45
- Voltage Rating DC: 16 VDC
27
-- Diameter: 10 mm
46
+![capacitor-x-y-dat/2026-01-25-20-38-52.png](capacitor-x-y-dat/2026-01-25-20-38-52.png)
28 47
- Length: 31.5 mm
29 48
- Lead Spacing: 5 mm
30 49
- Product: Low Impedance Electrolytic Capacitors
... ...
@@ -179,6 +198,28 @@ The capacitor blocks DC from the source, letting only the AC audio signal pass.
179 198
180 199
181 200
201
+## JNC JN 222M
202
+
203
+
204
+| Parameter | Value (typical) |
205
+|------------------|--------------------------|
206
+| Capacitance | 2.2 nF (2200 pF) |
207
+| Tolerance | ±20% |
208
+| Dielectric | Ceramic (disc type) |
209
+| Voltage rating | ~400 VAC (may vary) |
210
+| Package | Radial ceramic disc |
211
+
212
+
213
+### Common applications
214
+
215
+- EMI / noise suppression
216
+- Snubber or filtering circuits
217
+- High-voltage signal coupling
218
+- Non-precision timing circuits
219
+
220
+
221
+
222
+
182 223
## ref
183 224
184 225
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BOM-DAT/capacitor-dat/capacitor-start-dat/capacitor-start-dat.md
... ...
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
1
+
2
+# capacitor-start-dat
3
+
4
+![](2025-05-04-13-13-48.png)
5
+
6
+![](2025-12-10-15-20-47.png)
7
+
8
+
9
+
10
+## larget start capacitor
11
+
12
+![](2025-05-24-19-45-14.png)
13
+
14
+![](2025-05-24-19-45-43.png)
15
+
16
+## Why Not to Connect Polarized Capacitors Directly to DC Motors
17
+
18
+- **Polarized capacitors** (like electrolytic types) can only handle **one voltage polarity**.
19
+- If a **DC motor runs in both directions** (CW and CCW), the voltage across its terminals **reverses**.
20
+- This **reverse polarity damages polarized capacitors**, causing:
21
+ - Overheating
22
+ - Leaking
23
+ - Short circuits
24
+ - Power supply shutdowns
25
+
26
+### ✅ Safer Alternatives
27
+- Use **non-polarized capacitors** (e.g., ceramic 0.1–1 µF) directly across the motor terminals.
28
+- Use **polarized capacitors** only on the **power input side** of the motor driver, where polarity is stable.
29
+
30
+
31
+## ref
32
+
33
+- [[capacitor-dat]] - [[motor-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
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BOM-DAT/capacitor-dat/capacitor-x-y-dat/capacitor-x-y-dat.md
... ...
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
1
+
2
+# capacitor-x-y-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+
6
+## X - Y capacitor
7
+
8
+An X2 capacitor is a safety-rated EMI suppression capacitor designed to be connected across the AC mains (Line–Neutral).
9
+
10
+It is defined by IEC 60384-14 and used mainly for noise suppression and interference filtering in power supplies and AC equipment.
11
+
12
+![](2026-01-25-20-38-52.png)
13
+
14
+Where X2 capacitors are used
15
+
16
+ AC Line (L) ──||── AC Neutral (N)
17
+ ↑
18
+ X2
19
+
20
+Typical locations:
21
+
22
+- Across L–N in SMPS input
23
+- EMI filters
24
+- Appliances, chargers, adapters
25
+- Motor controllers
26
+
27
+
28
+What “X2” specifically means
29
+
30
+
31
+| Parameter | X2 Rating |
32
+| ------------------------ | ----------------------------- |
33
+| Connection | Line ↔ Neutral |
34
+| Rated AC voltage | ≤ 300 VAC (typically 275 VAC) |
35
+| Surge voltage capability | 2.5 kV |
36
+| Failure mode | Self-healing, non-flammable |
37
+| Safety standard | IEC 60384-14 |
38
+
39
+
40
+X-class vs Y-class (important)
41
+
42
+- X capacitors → across L–N
43
+- Y capacitors → from L/N to Earth (PE)
44
+
45
+| Class | Location | Safety Risk | Typical Rating |
46
+| ----- | ----------- | ----------------- | -------------- |
47
+| X2 | L–N | Low | 275 VAC |
48
+| X1 | L–N | Higher surge | 440 VAC |
49
+| Y2 | L–PE / N–PE | High (shock risk) | 250 VAC |
50
+| Y1 | L–PE / N–PE | Highest | 500 VAC |
51
+
52
+- ⚠ Never replace a Y capacitor with an X capacitor
53
+- ⚠ Never use a normal film capacitor in place of X2
54
+
55
+Typical X2 capacitor characteristics
56
+
57
+- Dielectric: Metallized polypropylene (MKP / CBB)
58
+- Capacitance range: ~100 pF to 1 µF
59
+- Flame-retardant epoxy case
60
+- Certified marks: ENEC, VDE, UL, CQC
61
+
62
+
63
+
64
+## ref
65
+
66
+- [[capacitor-dat]]
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\ No newline at end of file
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BOM-DAT/capacitor-dat/start-capacitor-dat/start-capacitor-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-# start-capacitor-dat
3
-
4
-![](2025-05-04-13-13-48.png)
5
-
6
-![](2025-12-10-15-20-47.png)
7
-
8
-
9
-
10
-## larget start capacitor
11
-
12
-![](2025-05-24-19-45-14.png)
13
-
14
-![](2025-05-24-19-45-43.png)
15
-
16
-## Why Not to Connect Polarized Capacitors Directly to DC Motors
17
-
18
-- **Polarized capacitors** (like electrolytic types) can only handle **one voltage polarity**.
19
-- If a **DC motor runs in both directions** (CW and CCW), the voltage across its terminals **reverses**.
20
-- This **reverse polarity damages polarized capacitors**, causing:
21
- - Overheating
22
- - Leaking
23
- - Short circuits
24
- - Power supply shutdowns
25
-
26
-### ✅ Safer Alternatives
27
-- Use **non-polarized capacitors** (e.g., ceramic 0.1–1 µF) directly across the motor terminals.
28
-- Use **polarized capacitors** only on the **power input side** of the motor driver, where polarity is stable.
29
-
30
-
31
-## ref
32
-
33
-- [[capacitor-dat]] - [[motor-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
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BOM-DAT/diode-dat/diode-bridge-rectifier-dat/diode-bridge-rectifier-dat.md
... ...
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1
+
2
+# diode-bridge-rectifier-dat
3
+
4
+![](2026-01-25-20-46-31.png)
5
+
6
+
7
+[GBP406-GBP410 - 4A STANDARD RECOVERY BRIDGE RECTIFIER](https://www.diodes.com/datasheet/download/GBP408.pdf)
8
+
9
+![](2026-01-25-20-47-29.png)
10
+
11
+## ref
12
+
13
+- [[diode-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
BOM-DAT/diode-dat/diode-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
1 1
2 2
# diode-dat
3 3
4
+
5
+
6
+- [[diode-rectifier-dat]] - [[diode-zener-dat]] - [[flyback-diode-dat]]
7
+
8
+- [[diode-bridge-rectifier-dat]]
9
+
10
+
4 11
brand - [[st-dat]]
5 12
6 13
| model | footprint | mark |
... ...
@@ -9,8 +16,6 @@ brand - [[st-dat]]
9 16
| 1N4007 | SMA | M7 |
10 17
11 18
12
-- [[diode-zener-dat]] - [[flyback-diode-dat]]
13
-
14 19
15 20
## diode info
16 21
BOM-DAT/diode-dat/diode-flyback-dat/diode-flyback-dat.md
... ...
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
1
+
2
+# flyback-diode-dat
3
+
4
+## exaple == MBRF20100 == 🔧 Role of MBRF20100 in a Motor Driver
5
+
6
+### 📘 Component Overview
7
+
8
+| Parameter | Value |
9
+|------------------|--------------------------|
10
+| Part Number | MBRF20100 |
11
+| Type | Schottky Barrier Diode |
12
+| Max Voltage (VR) | 100V |
13
+| Max Current (IF) | 20A |
14
+| Package | TO-220AC (or similar) |
15
+| Forward Drop | ~0.75V (low Vf) |
16
+
17
+---
18
+
19
+### 🔌 Purpose in Motor Driver Circuits
20
+
21
+#### 1. 🛡️ Flyback (Freewheeling) Diode
22
+
23
+**Motor coils are inductive.** When you suddenly switch off current, the collapsing magnetic field generates a **high voltage spike** (back-EMF) in the opposite direction.
24
+
25
+🔁 The MBRF20100 provides a **safe path** for this current to flow:
26
+- Prevents **voltage spikes**
27
+- Protects **MOSFETs / BJTs / ICs**
28
+- Helps motor **coast down smoothly** rather than abruptly stop
29
+
30
+> Usually placed **in parallel with the motor or across switching MOSFETs**, with reverse polarity.
31
+
32
+---
33
+
34
+#### 2. 🔄 Freewheeling Path in H-Bridge
35
+
36
+In an H-Bridge or half-bridge circuit:
37
+- When one MOSFET turns off, the inductor (motor winding) forces current to keep flowing.
38
+- MBRF20100 acts as a **freewheeling diode**, conducting the residual current until it dissipates.
39
+
40
+This helps:
41
+- Reduce switching losses
42
+- Avoid voltage spikes
43
+- Improve efficiency
44
+
45
+---
46
+
47
+### 3. ⚡ Reverse Polarity Protection
48
+
49
+Sometimes used as a **reverse polarity protection diode** at the power input stage:
50
+- Blocks current if polarity is reversed
51
+- Protects the entire driver circuit
52
+
53
+But note: This isn’t its most common role — it's more often used for **inductive load handling**.
54
+
55
+---
56
+
57
+### ✅ Why MBRF20100 Specifically?
58
+
59
+- **20A / 100V** rating suits many medium/high-power motors
60
+- **Schottky type** → fast switching, low forward voltage drop
61
+- **High efficiency** (less heat vs. regular diodes)
62
+- **TO-220** package → easy to heatsink for high current use
63
+
64
+---
65
+
66
+### 📐 Schematic Snippet (Freewheeling Example)
67
+
68
+```
69
+ V+ ---+
70
+ |
71
+ [Motor]
72
+ |
73
+ +++---+
74
+ | |
75
+ GND [MBRF20100]
76
+ | |
77
+ +-+
78
+ |
79
+ GND
80
+```
81
+
82
+- The MBRF20100 is in reverse-bias across the motor
83
+- When the motor coil releases energy, the diode **conducts** to safely dissipate it
84
+
85
+---
86
+
87
+### 🧪 Summary
88
+
89
+| Role | Description |
90
+|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------|
91
+| Flyback diode | Protects switch from inductive kickback |
92
+| Freewheeling diode | Allows current to circulate in bridge drivers |
93
+| Reverse polarity guard | Prevents damage on wrong power connection |
94
+| High current Schottky | Fast, efficient, and heat-manageable |
95
+
96
+
97
+
98
+## ref
99
+
100
+- [[diode-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
BOM-DAT/diode-dat/diode-rectifier-dat/diode-rectifier-dat.md
... ...
@@ -29,4 +29,16 @@ Maximum Forward Voltage (Vf): 1.1V
29 29
30 30
## FAST RECOVERY RECTIFIERS
31 31
32
-FR601G THRU FR607G - GLASS PASSIVATED FAST RECOVERY RECTIFIERS
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
0
+FR601G THRU FR607G - GLASS PASSIVATED FAST RECOVERY RECTIFIERS
1
+
2
+
3
+
4
+## chips
5
+
6
+- [[onsemi-dat]]
7
+
8
+
9
+
10
+## ref
11
+
12
+- [[diode-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
BOM-DAT/diode-dat/flyback-diode-dat/flyback-diode-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-# flyback-diode-dat
3
-
4
-## exaple == MBRF20100 == 🔧 Role of MBRF20100 in a Motor Driver
5
-
6
-### 📘 Component Overview
7
-
8
-| Parameter | Value |
9
-|------------------|--------------------------|
10
-| Part Number | MBRF20100 |
11
-| Type | Schottky Barrier Diode |
12
-| Max Voltage (VR) | 100V |
13
-| Max Current (IF) | 20A |
14
-| Package | TO-220AC (or similar) |
15
-| Forward Drop | ~0.75V (low Vf) |
16
-
17
----
18
-
19
-### 🔌 Purpose in Motor Driver Circuits
20
-
21
-#### 1. 🛡️ Flyback (Freewheeling) Diode
22
-
23
-**Motor coils are inductive.** When you suddenly switch off current, the collapsing magnetic field generates a **high voltage spike** (back-EMF) in the opposite direction.
24
-
25
-🔁 The MBRF20100 provides a **safe path** for this current to flow:
26
-- Prevents **voltage spikes**
27
-- Protects **MOSFETs / BJTs / ICs**
28
-- Helps motor **coast down smoothly** rather than abruptly stop
29
-
30
-> Usually placed **in parallel with the motor or across switching MOSFETs**, with reverse polarity.
31
-
32
----
33
-
34
-#### 2. 🔄 Freewheeling Path in H-Bridge
35
-
36
-In an H-Bridge or half-bridge circuit:
37
-- When one MOSFET turns off, the inductor (motor winding) forces current to keep flowing.
38
-- MBRF20100 acts as a **freewheeling diode**, conducting the residual current until it dissipates.
39
-
40
-This helps:
41
-- Reduce switching losses
42
-- Avoid voltage spikes
43
-- Improve efficiency
44
-
45
----
46
-
47
-### 3. ⚡ Reverse Polarity Protection
48
-
49
-Sometimes used as a **reverse polarity protection diode** at the power input stage:
50
-- Blocks current if polarity is reversed
51
-- Protects the entire driver circuit
52
-
53
-But note: This isn’t its most common role — it's more often used for **inductive load handling**.
54
-
55
----
56
-
57
-### ✅ Why MBRF20100 Specifically?
58
-
59
-- **20A / 100V** rating suits many medium/high-power motors
60
-- **Schottky type** → fast switching, low forward voltage drop
61
-- **High efficiency** (less heat vs. regular diodes)
62
-- **TO-220** package → easy to heatsink for high current use
63
-
64
----
65
-
66
-### 📐 Schematic Snippet (Freewheeling Example)
67
-
68
-```
69
- V+ ---+
70
- |
71
- [Motor]
72
- |
73
- +++---+
74
- | |
75
- GND [MBRF20100]
76
- | |
77
- +-+
78
- |
79
- GND
80
-```
81
-
82
-- The MBRF20100 is in reverse-bias across the motor
83
-- When the motor coil releases energy, the diode **conducts** to safely dissipate it
84
-
85
----
86
-
87
-### 🧪 Summary
88
-
89
-| Role | Description |
90
-|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------|
91
-| Flyback diode | Protects switch from inductive kickback |
92
-| Freewheeling diode | Allows current to circulate in bridge drivers |
93
-| Reverse polarity guard | Prevents damage on wrong power connection |
94
-| High current Schottky | Fast, efficient, and heat-manageable |
95
-
96
-
97
-
98
-## ref
99
-
100
-- [[diode-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
BOM-DAT/varistor-dat/2026-01-25-20-43-36.png
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BOM-DAT/varistor-dat/varistor-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,12 +1,21 @@
1 1
2 2
# varistor-dat
3 3
4
+
5
+## GMOV-14D151K
6
+
4 7
GMOV-14D151K == VARISTOR 6KA DISC 14MM
5 8
6 9
Bourns combines its patented GDT with FLAT® technology and a Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) to create a new and innovative GMOV™ Series Hybrid Protection Component. By combining the best features of both MOV and GDT technologies, the GMOV™ Series achieves high performance as a long life protector with low capacitance and, most importantly, very low leakage. The GMOV™ Series is ideally suited for any number of AC and DC power applications where a high level of performance is required over time.
7 10
8 11
12
+## COV 14D681K
13
+
14
+VARISTOR 612V~748V 4.5kA P=7.5mm
15
+
16
+612V~748V 4.5kA Varistor Through Hole,P=7.5mm
9 17
18
+![](2026-01-25-20-43-36.png)
10 19
11 20
12 21
## ref
Board-dat/OPM/OPM1114-dat/OPM1114-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
1 1
2 2
# OPM1114-dat
3 3
4
+- [[CR6842S-dat]] - [[chip-rail-dat]] - [[AC-mains-dat]] - [[OPM1114-dat]]
4 5
5 6
![](2024-11-04-18-15-30.png)
6 7
Chip-cn-dat/chip-rail-dat/2026-01-25-20-23-58.png
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Chip-cn-dat/chip-rail-dat/chip-rail-dat.md
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+# chip-rail-dat
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+
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+- [[CR6842S-dat]] - [[chip-rail-dat]] - [[AC-mains-dat]]
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+
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+- [[OPM1114-dat]]
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+
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+
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+## CR6842S
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+
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+- [[cr6842s-datasheet.pdf]]
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+
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+![](2026-01-25-20-23-58.png)
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+
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+## ref
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+
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+
Chip-cn-dat/chip-rail-dat/cr6842s-datasheet.pdf
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Chip-dat/OnSemi-dat/OnSemi-dat.md
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@@ -28,11 +28,13 @@ MOC3061M, MOC3062M, MOC3063M, MOC3162M, MOC3163M
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- H11L1M, H11L2M, H11L3M - 6-Pin DIP Schmitt Trigger Output Optocoupler
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+## diode
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+[MBRF20100CTG - Switch-mode Schottky Power Rectifier - SCHOTTKY BARRIER RECTIFIER 20 AMPERES, 100 VOLTS](https://www.onsemi.com/pdf/datasheet/mbrf20100ct-d.pdf)
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+The Switch−mode Power Rectifier employs the Schottky Barrier principle in a large area metal−to−silicon power diode. State−of−the−art geometry features epitaxial construction with oxide passivation and metal overlay contact. Ideally suited for use as rectifiers in very low−voltage, high−frequency switching power supplies, free wheeling diodes and polarity protection diodes.
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-
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+![](2026-01-25-20-29-23.png)
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## ref
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power-dat/AC-Mains-dat/AC-protections-dat/AC-protections-dat.md
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# AC-protections-dat
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+- [[diode-rectifier-dat]]
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+
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+- [[capacitor-x-y-dat]] - [[capacitor-dat]]
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+
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+- [[varistor-dat]]
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+
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+- [[fuse-dat]]
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+
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+- [[NTC-dat]] - [[resistor-dat]]
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+
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+
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## burnt current limit resistor
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power-dat/AC-Mains-dat/ac-mains-dat.md
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@@ -20,7 +20,16 @@
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- [[ACDC-RC_Buck-dat]]
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-- [[varistor-dat]]
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+
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+
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+## parts
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+
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+- [[diode-rectifier-dat]]
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+
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+- [[ac-protections-dat]]
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+
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+
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## Note
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@@ -80,6 +89,13 @@
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- [[ground-wire-dat]]
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+
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+
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+## solutions
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+
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+- [[CR6842S-dat]] - [[chip-rail-dat]] - [[AC-mains-dat]] - [[OPM1114-dat]]
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+
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+
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## ref
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- [[power-dat]]
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