CONN-DAT/CONN-power-dat/2026-05-20-02-34-47.png
... ...
Binary files /dev/null and b/CONN-DAT/CONN-power-dat/2026-05-20-02-34-47.png differ
CONN-DAT/CONN-power-dat/CONN-power-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,40 +1,45 @@
1
-
2
-# CONN-power-dat
3
-
4
-- [[DC-barrel-jack-dat]]
5
-
6
-- [[copper-lug-dat]]
7
-
8
-
9
-MR/MT/XT30/60/90/150 Lithium Battery Controller Motor Charger Power Connector AM/AS/EC
10
-
11
-- [[XT60-dat]] - [[XT30-dat]] - [[CONN-XT-dat]]
12
-
13
-
14
-- [[HSC-dat]]
15
-
16
-- [[Spade-Terminal-dat]]
17
-
18
-
19
-- [[DJI-dat]] - [[SDC-dat]]
20
-
21
-
22
-## phone connector
23
-
24
-- [[phone-pixel-dat]]
25
-
26
-![](2025-12-04-01-04-59.png)
27
-
28
-
29
-## AC power CONN
30
-
31
-![](2026-02-06-20-08-53.png)
32
-
33
-
34
-
35
-
36
-## ref
37
-
38
-- [[CONN-dat]]
39
-
1
+
2
+# CONN-power-dat
3
+
4
+- [[conn-power-dat]] - [[cable-power-dat]]
5
+
6
+- [[CONN-DC-barrel-jack-dat]]
7
+
8
+- [[copper-lug-dat]]
9
+
10
+
11
+MR/MT/XT30/60/90/150 Lithium Battery Controller Motor Charger Power Connector AM/AS/EC
12
+
13
+- [[XT60-dat]] - [[XT30-dat]] - [[CONN-XT-dat]]
14
+
15
+
16
+- [[HSC-dat]]
17
+
18
+- [[Spade-Terminal-dat]]
19
+
20
+
21
+- [[DJI-dat]] - [[SDC-dat]]
22
+
23
+## common battery header connector
24
+
25
+![](2026-05-20-02-34-47.png)
26
+
27
+## phone connector
28
+
29
+- [[phone-pixel-dat]]
30
+
31
+![](2025-12-04-01-04-59.png)
32
+
33
+
34
+## AC power CONN
35
+
36
+![](2026-02-06-20-08-53.png)
37
+
38
+
39
+
40
+
41
+## ref
42
+
43
+- [[CONN-dat]]
44
+
40 45
- [[conn-power]] - [[conn]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
battery-dat/battery-BMS-dat/BMS-active-dat/BMS-active-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,80 +1,82 @@
1
-
2
-# active-BMS-dat
3
-
4
-# active-battery-balancing-board-dat
5
-
6
-An **active battery balancing board** for lithium batteries ensures that all cells in a battery pack maintain the same voltage level during charging and discharging. It actively redistributes energy between cells, transferring charge from higher-voltage cells to lower-voltage ones. This helps:
7
-
8
-- **Improve Battery Life**: Prevents overcharging or over-discharging of individual cells, reducing wear and extending the overall lifespan of the battery pack.
9
-- **Enhance Performance**: Ensures consistent voltage across cells, improving the efficiency and reliability of the battery.
10
-- **Increase Safety**: Reduces the risk of overheating, overcharging, or cell failure due to imbalances.
11
-- **Optimize Capacity**: Maximizes the usable capacity of the battery pack by ensuring all cells are equally charged.
12
-
13
-This is especially important in applications like electric vehicles, power tools, and energy storage systems.
14
-
15
-
16
-
17
-## capacitive type active BMS
18
-
19
-- 电容式主动均衡板
20
-- 修电池组压差·
21
-- 恢复电池组容量·
22
-- 延长电池组寿命
23
-- 24小时不间断·
24
-- 自动启动·
25
-- 整体均衡
26
-
27
-
28
-![](2025-08-19-19-19-06.png)
29
-
30
-
31
-## basic active charger
32
-
33
-### 2S version
34
-
35
-![](2025-09-10-21-43-47.png)
36
-
37
-The diagram below shows the module discharge. The battery is a 2-series configuration, and the connected batteries must support a 20A discharge current. This can be achieved by connecting batteries in parallel or by purchasing batteries with a higher discharge current.
38
-
39
-For example, if the battery is 2000mAh with a 10C discharge rate, then only 2 series and 2 parallel (2S2P) are needed, which can provide a discharge current of 40A.
40
-
41
-For stable discharge, 2 series and 4 parallel (2S4P) are required, and attention should be paid to heat dissipation, as the battery power will drop quickly during discharge.
42
-
43
-![](2025-09-10-21-45-38.png)
44
-
45
-- To successfully start an electric drill, you need two 10C-20C power batteries, or four 5C-10C power batteries (recommended battery models: Sony VTC4S, VTC4A, VTC5, VTC6). For the 0V and 8.4V connection wires, use copper wires of at least 2 square millimeters (do not use strips).
46
-- When welding the battery for the first time, you need to charge it first to get output. Strictly follow the diagram to connect 0V, 4.2V, and 8.4V. When welding wires, do not touch any components on the board, and do not intentionally short-circuit.
47
-- When welding the battery for the first time or while charging, as long as any single cell exceeds 4.2V, the "430" resistor will heat up to discharge (discharge stops when it drops to about 4.19V). If the "430" resistor becomes very hot (too hot to touch), please check if the wiring is incorrect.
48
-
49
-#### 故障处理：
50
-
51
-| Fault Phenomenon | Fault Check & Cause |
52
-|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
53
-| Cannot charge | Measure the voltage of 3 battery groups. If any group exceeds about 4.25V, the protection board triggers overcharge protection. |
54
-| Cannot discharge | Measure the voltage of 4 battery groups. If any group drops below about 2.5V, the protection board triggers over-discharge protection. |
55
-| Charging/discharging fails | OV, 4.2V, 8.4V wires are connected incorrectly. |
56
-| Overcharge/over-discharge fails | OV, 4.2V, 8.4V wires are connected incorrectly. |
57
-| Discharge protection | Check if the battery pack has sufficient discharge capability. |
58
-| Cold solder joint | Check if the load's starting current exceeds the protection board's overcurrent protection current. |
59
-| Solder bridge | One pin of a component is not connected to the PCB pad, or two or more pins are shorted together. |
60
-| ESD breakdown A | When powered off, measure MOSFET G, D, S pins. If the forward and reverse resistance between any two pins is 0Ω, it is broken down. |
61
-| ESD breakdown B | Remove the MOSFET and measure resistance between G-D and G-S. If resistance exists, it is broken down. Normally, resistance should be
62
-
63
-
64
-### 3S version
65
-
66
-![](2025-09-10-21-44-20.png)
67
-
68
-note
69
-
70
-1. Strictly follow the diagram to connect 0V, 4.2V, 8.4V, and 12.6V. Be careful to check for short circuits.
71
-2. When connecting 3 battery groups in series, make sure each group has the same voltage. If not, fully charge each group separately before connecting them in series. During discharge testing, the group whose voltage drops quickly is the bad battery—replace it with a good one.
72
-3. Never mix good and bad batteries together, and do not mix new and old batteries.
73
-4. To successfully start an electric drill, you need three 15C-20C power batteries, or six 10C-15C power batteries (ordinary 18650 batteries cannot start an electric drill!!!).
74
-5. For loads with brushed motors, you must connect a non-polarized capacitor (rated voltage above 25V, capacity 10uF-100uF) in parallel at the motor's positive and negative terminals to prevent reverse voltage spikes from the motor from interfering with the protection board or
75
-
76
-
77
-
78
-## ref
79
-
80
-- [[BMS-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
0
+
1
+# BMS-active-dat
2
+
3
+# active-battery-balancing-board-dat
4
+
5
+An **active battery balancing board** for lithium batteries ensures that all cells in a battery pack maintain the same voltage level during charging and discharging. It actively redistributes energy between cells, transferring charge from higher-voltage cells to lower-voltage ones. This helps:
6
+
7
+- **Improve Battery Life**: Prevents overcharging or over-discharging of individual cells, reducing wear and extending the overall lifespan of the battery pack.
8
+- **Enhance Performance**: Ensures consistent voltage across cells, improving the efficiency and reliability of the battery.
9
+- **Increase Safety**: Reduces the risk of overheating, overcharging, or cell failure due to imbalances.
10
+- **Optimize Capacity**: Maximizes the usable capacity of the battery pack by ensuring all cells are equally charged.
11
+
12
+This is especially important in applications like electric vehicles, power tools, and energy storage systems.
13
+
14
+
15
+
16
+## capacitive type active BMS
17
+
18
+- 电容式主动均衡板
19
+- 修电池组压差·
20
+- 恢复电池组容量·
21
+- 延长电池组寿命
22
+- 24小时不间断·
23
+- 自动启动·
24
+- 整体均衡
25
+
26
+
27
+![](2025-08-19-19-19-06.png)
28
+
29
+
30
+## basic active charger
31
+
32
+### 2S version
33
+
34
+![](2025-09-10-21-43-47.png)
35
+
36
+The diagram below shows the module discharge. The battery is a 2-series configuration, and the connected batteries must support a 20A discharge current. This can be achieved by connecting batteries in parallel or by purchasing batteries with a higher discharge current.
37
+
38
+For example, if the battery is 2000mAh with a 10C discharge rate, then only 2 series and 2 parallel (2S2P) are needed, which can provide a discharge current of 40A.
39
+
40
+For stable discharge, 2 series and 4 parallel (2S4P) are required, and attention should be paid to heat dissipation, as the battery power will drop quickly during discharge.
41
+
42
+![](2025-09-10-21-45-38.png)
43
+
44
+- To successfully start an electric drill, you need two 10C-20C power batteries, or four 5C-10C power batteries (recommended battery models: Sony VTC4S, VTC4A, VTC5, VTC6). For the 0V and 8.4V connection wires, use copper wires of at least 2 square millimeters (do not use strips).
45
+- When welding the battery for the first time, you need to charge it first to get output. Strictly follow the diagram to connect 0V, 4.2V, and 8.4V. When welding wires, do not touch any components on the board, and do not intentionally short-circuit.
46
+- When welding the battery for the first time or while charging, as long as any single cell exceeds 4.2V, the "430" resistor will heat up to discharge (discharge stops when it drops to about 4.19V). If the "430" resistor becomes very hot (too hot to touch), please check if the wiring is incorrect.
47
+
48
+#### 故障处理：
49
+
50
+| Fault Phenomenon | Fault Check & Cause |
51
+|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
52
+| Cannot charge | Measure the voltage of 3 battery groups. If any group exceeds about 4.25V, the protection board triggers overcharge protection. |
53
+| Cannot discharge | Measure the voltage of 4 battery groups. If any group drops below about 2.5V, the protection board triggers over-discharge protection. |
54
+| Charging/discharging fails | OV, 4.2V, 8.4V wires are connected incorrectly. |
55
+| Overcharge/over-discharge fails | OV, 4.2V, 8.4V wires are connected incorrectly. |
56
+| Discharge protection | Check if the battery pack has sufficient discharge capability. |
57
+| Cold solder joint | Check if the load's starting current exceeds the protection board's overcurrent protection current. |
58
+| Solder bridge | One pin of a component is not connected to the PCB pad, or two or more pins are shorted together. |
59
+| ESD breakdown A | When powered off, measure MOSFET G, D, S pins. If the forward and reverse resistance between any two pins is 0Ω, it is broken down. |
60
+| ESD breakdown B | Remove the MOSFET and measure resistance between G-D and G-S. If resistance exists, it is broken down. Normally, resistance should be
61
+
62
+
63
+### 3S version
64
+
65
+![](2025-09-10-21-44-20.png)
66
+
67
+note
68
+
69
+1. Strictly follow the diagram to connect 0V, 4.2V, 8.4V, and 12.6V. Be careful to check for short circuits.
70
+2. When connecting 3 battery groups in series, make sure each group has the same voltage. If not, fully charge each group separately before connecting them in series. During discharge testing, the group whose voltage drops quickly is the bad battery—replace it with a good one.
71
+3. Never mix good and bad batteries together, and do not mix new and old batteries.
72
+4. To successfully start an electric drill, you need three 15C-20C power batteries, or six 10C-15C power batteries (ordinary 18650 batteries cannot start an electric drill!!!).
73
+5. For loads with brushed motors, you must connect a non-polarized capacitor (rated voltage above 25V, capacity 10uF-100uF) in parallel at the motor's positive and negative terminals to prevent reverse voltage spikes from the motor from interfering with the protection board or
74
+
75
+
76
+
77
+## ref
78
+
79
+- [[BMS-dat]] - [[BMS-active-dat]]
80
+
81
+- [[battery-BMS]] - [[battery]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
battery-dat/battery-BMS-dat/battery-BMS-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,268 +1,268 @@
1
-
2
-# battery-BMS-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-- [[battery-li-dat]] - [[battery-BMS-dat]] - [[battery-pack-dat]] - [[battery-dat]]
6
-
7
-- [[battery-pack-dat]]
8
-
9
-- [[BMS-passive-dat]] - [[BMS-active-dat]]
10
-
11
-- [[fast-charge-protocols-dat]] - [[USB-PD-dat]]
12
-
13
-
14
-- [[BMS]]
15
-
16
-
17
-- [[battery-protector-dat]]
18
-
19
-
20
-## charge and supply 2in1
21
-
22
-- CD42
23
-
24
-- [[power-bank-dat]]
25
-
26
-
27
-
28
-## 3. Protection Features
29
-
30
-Look for these essential protections:
31
-
32
-| Protection Type | Description |
33
-|--------------------------|----------------------------------------|
34
-| Overcharge protection | Stops charging if cell voltage too high|
35
-| Overdischarge protection | Prevents deep discharge that damages cells |
36
-| Overcurrent protection | Cuts off current if it exceeds safe limits |
37
-| Short circuit protection | Immediate cutoff on short circuit detection |
38
-| Balancing | Balances cells to keep voltages equal (especially important for multi-cell packs) |
39
-| Temperature protection | Monitors temperature to avoid overheating |
40
-
41
-- also check the board's temperature rising when dishcarging
42
-
43
-
44
-## BMS
45
-
46
-- 锂电池保护板是对串联锂电池组的充放电保护；
47
-- 在充满电时能保证各单体电池之间的电压差异小于设定值，之实现电池组各单体电池的均充，有效地改善了串联充电方式下的充电效果；
48
-- 同时检测电池组中各个单体电池的过压欠压、过流、短路、过温状态，保护并延长电池使用寿命
49
-- 欠压保护使每一单节电池在放电使用时避免电池因过放电而损坏。
50
-
51
-
52
-## 🔋 Active vs. Passive BMS
53
-
54
-A **Battery Management System (BMS)** monitors and protects battery packs, especially lithium-based ones, from overcharging, overdischarging, and overheating. It also performs **cell balancing** to maintain consistent voltage across cells.
55
-
56
-
57
-
58
----
59
-
60
-### ✅ 1. Passive BMS
61
-
62
-#### 🔧 How It Works:
63
-- **Dissipates excess energy** from high-voltage cells as **heat** using resistors.
64
-- Bleeds off charge from full cells so others can catch up during charging.
65
-
66
-#### ⚙️ Features:
67
-- Simple and inexpensive
68
-- Uses resistors and MOSFETs
69
-- Common in e-bikes, power tools, and budget battery systems
70
-
71
-#### ⚠️ Downsides:
72
-- Wastes energy
73
-- Balancing is slower
74
-- Less efficient for large or high-performance systems
75
-
76
----
77
-
78
-### ✅ 2. Active BMS
79
-
80
-#### 🔧 How It Works:
81
-- **Transfers charge** from higher-voltage cells to lower-voltage ones using capacitors, inductors, or DC-DC converters.
82
-- Recycles energy instead of burning it off.
83
-
84
-#### ⚙️ Features:
85
-- High efficiency
86
-- Faster, more accurate balancing
87
-- Used in electric vehicles (EVs), drones, and large battery banks
88
-
89
-#### ⚠️ Downsides:
90
-- More complex and expensive
91
-- Requires advanced control circuitry
92
-
93
----
94
-
95
-### 🔄 Summary Table
96
-
97
-| Feature | **Passive BMS** | **Active BMS** |
98
-| ------------------ | --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
99
-| Energy Handling | Dissipates as heat | Transfers charge between cells |
100
-| Efficiency | Low | High |
101
-| Complexity | Simple | Complex |
102
-| Cost | Low | High |
103
-| Speed of Balancing | Slow | Fast |
104
-| Common Use Cases | E-bikes, power tools, small packs | EVs, solar storage, high-end systems |
105
-
106
----
107
-
108
-### 🤔 Which Should You Use?
109
-
110
-- **Passive BMS**: Ideal for small to medium systems with basic balancing needs.
111
-- **Active BMS**: Best for large, high-value, or performance-critical battery systems.
112
-
113
-
114
-## BMS Charging
115
-
116
-🔌 Can I Use a 12V AC-DC Plug to Charge a 3S1P Lithium Battery Pack with BMS?
117
-
118
-### 🔋 Battery Overview: 3S1P Lithium-Ion Pack
119
-
120
-- **3S** = 3 cells in series → 3.7V × 3 = **11.1V nominal**
121
-- **Full charge voltage** = 4.2V × 3 = **12.6V**
122
-- **Charging voltage required**: **12.6V constant voltage (CV)**
123
-- **Typical charging current**: 1A–2A (depending on cell & BMS)
124
-
125
----
126
-
127
-### ⚠️ Can You Use a 12V AC-DC Plug?
128
-
129
-| **Plug Output Voltage** | **Can You Use It?** | **Explanation** |
130
-| ------------------------ | ------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
131
-| **12.0V** | ⚠️ Not ideal | Will undercharge the pack (only ~90–95% full) |
132
-| **12.6V regulated** | ✅ Yes | Perfect match for 3S lithium pack |
133
-| **>12.6V (e.g., 13.8V)** | ❌ No | May overcharge and damage the battery/BMS |
134
-| **Unregulated output** | ❌ No | Unsafe — may exceed safe voltage limits |
135
-
136
----
137
-
138
-### ✅ Best Practice: Use a Dedicated 3S Lithium Charger
139
-
140
-- **Output Voltage**: 12.6V DC (constant voltage)
141
-- **Current Limit**: 1A–2A (match your BMS and battery spec)
142
-- **Charging Profile**: CC/CV (Constant Current / Constant Voltage)
143
-
144
----
145
-
146
-### 🔐 Role of the BMS
147
-
148
-- Provides **protection** (overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit, etc.)
149
-- **Does NOT regulate** the input voltage
150
-- **Still requires** a proper 12.6V charger to function safely
151
-
152
----
153
-
154
-### ✅ Summary
155
-
156
-- You **can** charge your 3S1P pack with a **regulated 12.6V charger**.
157
-- A **standard 12.0V plug** is **not recommended** — it won’t fully charge the battery.
158
-- Avoid any charger **above 12.6V** unless it’s specifically designed for lithium charging.
159
-
160
-### Charger
161
-
162
-| Requirement | Needed? | Why |
163
-| ---------------------- | ------- | ------------------------------------- |
164
-| Smart chip like TP4056 | ❌ No | Your **BMS provides safety features** |
165
-| Proper voltage (12.6V) | ✅ Yes | Essential for full charge |
166
-| Current limiting | ✅ Yes | Prevents overheating or stress |
167
-| CC/CV charging | ✅ Yes | Ensures correct lithium charging |
168
-
169
-
170
-## Single Cell Protection solution
171
-
172
-### A1870 + 3GJG (bad quality combination)
173
-
174
-A1870 - [[uc1870+ver1_x76b.pdf]]
175
-
176
-G3JQ - S8261 - [[S8261_E.pdf]]
177
-
178
-![](2025-02-21-18-52-52.png)
179
-
180
-### DW01 + FM8205
181
-
182
-### protection board
183
-
184
-- [[week-4-8-dat]]
185
-
186
-
187
-
188
-## Precautions before applying BMS:
189
-
190
-1. Before installing the protection board, make sure the batteries are matched:
191
-
192
-- the voltage difference between each battery should not exceed 0.05V,
193
-- the internal resistance difference should not exceed 5mΩ
194
-- and the capacity difference should be less than 30mAh.
195
-
196
-The smaller the voltage difference between the batteries, the better the performance of the protection board.
197
-
198
-2. Connect the batteries in parallel first, then in series, and ensure correct welding (use nickel strips for spot welding on 18650 batteries, and solder for other batteries).
199
-
200
-Never use screws to fasten them, as this may damage the IC of the protection board.
201
-
202
-3. If you are replacing the protection board on old batteries, please check whether the batteries are in good condition before purchasing.
203
-
204
-4. During installation, use a multimeter to check whether the voltage of each battery in the series is the same.
205
-
206
-If the voltage difference exceeds 1.0V, it may indicate a fault such as poor range, power cut-off at startup, or short charging time, which are often caused by battery cell issues.
207
-
208
-A protection board fault typically results in: inability to charge, or the battery has voltage but cannot discharge.
209
-
210
-
211
-
212
-
213
-## CN
214
-
215
-### 一、核心功能（最重要）
216
-
217
-#### 1️⃣ 安全保护（最核心）
218
-防止电池进入危险状态：
219
-- 过充保护（Overcharge）
220
-- 过放保护（Over-discharge）
221
-- 过流保护（Over-current）
222
-- 短路保护（Short Circuit）
223
-- 过温 / 低温保护（Over / Under Temperature）
224
-
225
-👉 **没有 BMS，锂电池是高度危险的**
226
-
227
----
228
-
229
-#### 2️⃣ 电池状态监测（Monitoring）
230
-实时监控电池关键参数：
231
-- 单体电压（Cell Voltage）
232
-- 总电压（Pack Voltage）
233
-- 电流（Charge / Discharge Current）
234
-- 温度（Cell / MOS / 环境）
235
-
236
----
237
-
238
-#### 3️⃣ 电量估算（SOC）
239
-- SOC（State of Charge，剩余电量）
240
-- 有时包含 SOH（State of Health，健康状态）
241
-
242
-👉 告诉系统 **“还剩多少电、还能不能用”**
243
-
244
-
245
-
246
-## BMS use guide note
247
-
248
-
249
-
250
-- To reliably start a power tool (for example an electric drill), use either 2 high‑current cells rated 10C–20C, or 4 cells rated 5C–10C in appropriate parallel/series combinations. Recommended cells: Sony VTC4, VTC4A, VTC5, VTC6. Use wiring capable of the current (use >2 mm² copper wire; do not use thin foil or traces).
251
-- On first-time assembly, charge the cells before use to ensure the pack provides output. Follow the wiring diagram exactly: connect 0 V, mid-point (4.2 V), and 8.4 V as shown. When soldering battery wires, avoid touching any board components and do not short the pack.
252
-- During initial soldering or while charging, whenever a single cell exceeds ~4.2 V the resistor labeled “430” on the board will heat as it bleeds/discharges the cell (it will stop heating when the cell discharges to ~4.19 V). If the “430” resistor becomes excessively hot (too hot to touch), immediately check for wiring errors.
253
-
254
-- 1.严格按图接线0V、4.2V、8.4V、12.6V，注意检查不要短路。
255
-- 2.串联3组电池时，请保证每组电池的电压一样，如果不一样，请单独充满每组电池再串联使用。放电测试时，电压下降较快的那组电池是差电池，请用好的替换掉。
256
-- 3.千万不要把好电池和差电池混在一起使用，新、旧电池也不能混在一起使用。
257
-- 4.成功启动电钻需要3个15C-20C的动力电池，或6个10C-15C的动力电池（普通的18650不能启动电钻！！！）。
258
-- 5.带有刷电机类的负载时，必须在电机的正负接线端并联一个无极性电容（耐压25V以上，容量10uF-100uF），防止电机产生的反向尖峰电压干扰保护板或击穿MOS管。
259
-
260
-
261
-
262
-
263
-
264
-## ref
265
-
266
-
267
-
268
-- [[BMS]] - [[battery]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
0
+
1
+# battery-BMS-dat
2
+
3
+
4
+- [[battery-li-dat]] - [[battery-BMS-dat]] - [[battery-pack-dat]] - [[battery-dat]]
5
+
6
+- [[battery-pack-dat]]
7
+
8
+- [[BMS-passive-dat]] - [[BMS-active-dat]]
9
+
10
+- [[fast-charge-protocols-dat]] - [[USB-PD-dat]]
11
+
12
+
13
+- [[battery-BMS]]
14
+
15
+
16
+- [[battery-protector-dat]]
17
+
18
+
19
+## charge and supply 2in1
20
+
21
+- CD42
22
+
23
+- [[power-bank-dat]]
24
+
25
+
26
+
27
+## 3. Protection Features
28
+
29
+Look for these essential protections:
30
+
31
+| Protection Type | Description |
32
+|--------------------------|----------------------------------------|
33
+| Overcharge protection | Stops charging if cell voltage too high|
34
+| Overdischarge protection | Prevents deep discharge that damages cells |
35
+| Overcurrent protection | Cuts off current if it exceeds safe limits |
36
+| Short circuit protection | Immediate cutoff on short circuit detection |
37
+| Balancing | Balances cells to keep voltages equal (especially important for multi-cell packs) |
38
+| Temperature protection | Monitors temperature to avoid overheating |
39
+
40
+- also check the board's temperature rising when dishcarging
41
+
42
+
43
+## BMS
44
+
45
+- 锂电池保护板是对串联锂电池组的充放电保护；
46
+- 在充满电时能保证各单体电池之间的电压差异小于设定值，之实现电池组各单体电池的均充，有效地改善了串联充电方式下的充电效果；
47
+- 同时检测电池组中各个单体电池的过压欠压、过流、短路、过温状态，保护并延长电池使用寿命
48
+- 欠压保护使每一单节电池在放电使用时避免电池因过放电而损坏。
49
+
50
+
51
+## 🔋 Active vs. Passive BMS
52
+
53
+A **Battery Management System (BMS)** monitors and protects battery packs, especially lithium-based ones, from overcharging, overdischarging, and overheating. It also performs **cell balancing** to maintain consistent voltage across cells.
54
+
55
+
56
+
57
+---
58
+
59
+### ✅ 1. Passive BMS
60
+
61
+#### 🔧 How It Works:
62
+- **Dissipates excess energy** from high-voltage cells as **heat** using resistors.
63
+- Bleeds off charge from full cells so others can catch up during charging.
64
+
65
+#### ⚙️ Features:
66
+- Simple and inexpensive
67
+- Uses resistors and MOSFETs
68
+- Common in e-bikes, power tools, and budget battery systems
69
+
70
+#### ⚠️ Downsides:
71
+- Wastes energy
72
+- Balancing is slower
73
+- Less efficient for large or high-performance systems
74
+
75
+---
76
+
77
+### ✅ 2. Active BMS
78
+
79
+#### 🔧 How It Works:
80
+- **Transfers charge** from higher-voltage cells to lower-voltage ones using capacitors, inductors, or DC-DC converters.
81
+- Recycles energy instead of burning it off.
82
+
83
+#### ⚙️ Features:
84
+- High efficiency
85
+- Faster, more accurate balancing
86
+- Used in electric vehicles (EVs), drones, and large battery banks
87
+
88
+#### ⚠️ Downsides:
89
+- More complex and expensive
90
+- Requires advanced control circuitry
91
+
92
+---
93
+
94
+### 🔄 Summary Table
95
+
96
+| Feature | **Passive BMS** | **Active BMS** |
97
+| ------------------ | --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
98
+| Energy Handling | Dissipates as heat | Transfers charge between cells |
99
+| Efficiency | Low | High |
100
+| Complexity | Simple | Complex |
101
+| Cost | Low | High |
102
+| Speed of Balancing | Slow | Fast |
103
+| Common Use Cases | E-bikes, power tools, small packs | EVs, solar storage, high-end systems |
104
+
105
+---
106
+
107
+### 🤔 Which Should You Use?
108
+
109
+- **Passive BMS**: Ideal for small to medium systems with basic balancing needs.
110
+- **Active BMS**: Best for large, high-value, or performance-critical battery systems.
111
+
112
+
113
+## BMS Charging
114
+
115
+🔌 Can I Use a 12V AC-DC Plug to Charge a 3S1P Lithium Battery Pack with BMS?
116
+
117
+### 🔋 Battery Overview: 3S1P Lithium-Ion Pack
118
+
119
+- **3S** = 3 cells in series → 3.7V × 3 = **11.1V nominal**
120
+- **Full charge voltage** = 4.2V × 3 = **12.6V**
121
+- **Charging voltage required**: **12.6V constant voltage (CV)**
122
+- **Typical charging current**: 1A–2A (depending on cell & BMS)
123
+
124
+---
125
+
126
+### ⚠️ Can You Use a 12V AC-DC Plug?
127
+
128
+| **Plug Output Voltage** | **Can You Use It?** | **Explanation** |
129
+| ------------------------ | ------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
130
+| **12.0V** | ⚠️ Not ideal | Will undercharge the pack (only ~90–95% full) |
131
+| **12.6V regulated** | ✅ Yes | Perfect match for 3S lithium pack |
132
+| **>12.6V (e.g., 13.8V)** | ❌ No | May overcharge and damage the battery/BMS |
133
+| **Unregulated output** | ❌ No | Unsafe — may exceed safe voltage limits |
134
+
135
+---
136
+
137
+### ✅ Best Practice: Use a Dedicated 3S Lithium Charger
138
+
139
+- **Output Voltage**: 12.6V DC (constant voltage)
140
+- **Current Limit**: 1A–2A (match your BMS and battery spec)
141
+- **Charging Profile**: CC/CV (Constant Current / Constant Voltage)
142
+
143
+---
144
+
145
+### 🔐 Role of the BMS
146
+
147
+- Provides **protection** (overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit, etc.)
148
+- **Does NOT regulate** the input voltage
149
+- **Still requires** a proper 12.6V charger to function safely
150
+
151
+---
152
+
153
+### ✅ Summary
154
+
155
+- You **can** charge your 3S1P pack with a **regulated 12.6V charger**.
156
+- A **standard 12.0V plug** is **not recommended** — it won’t fully charge the battery.
157
+- Avoid any charger **above 12.6V** unless it’s specifically designed for lithium charging.
158
+
159
+### Charger
160
+
161
+| Requirement | Needed? | Why |
162
+| ---------------------- | ------- | ------------------------------------- |
163
+| Smart chip like TP4056 | ❌ No | Your **BMS provides safety features** |
164
+| Proper voltage (12.6V) | ✅ Yes | Essential for full charge |
165
+| Current limiting | ✅ Yes | Prevents overheating or stress |
166
+| CC/CV charging | ✅ Yes | Ensures correct lithium charging |
167
+
168
+
169
+## Single Cell Protection solution
170
+
171
+### A1870 + 3GJG (bad quality combination)
172
+
173
+A1870 - [[uc1870+ver1_x76b.pdf]]
174
+
175
+G3JQ - S8261 - [[S8261_E.pdf]]
176
+
177
+![](2025-02-21-18-52-52.png)
178
+
179
+### DW01 + FM8205
180
+
181
+### protection board
182
+
183
+- [[week-4-8-dat]]
184
+
185
+
186
+
187
+## Precautions before applying BMS:
188
+
189
+1. Before installing the protection board, make sure the batteries are matched:
190
+
191
+- the voltage difference between each battery should not exceed 0.05V,
192
+- the internal resistance difference should not exceed 5mΩ
193
+- and the capacity difference should be less than 30mAh.
194
+
195
+The smaller the voltage difference between the batteries, the better the performance of the protection board.
196
+
197
+2. Connect the batteries in parallel first, then in series, and ensure correct welding (use nickel strips for spot welding on 18650 batteries, and solder for other batteries).
198
+
199
+Never use screws to fasten them, as this may damage the IC of the protection board.
200
+
201
+3. If you are replacing the protection board on old batteries, please check whether the batteries are in good condition before purchasing.
202
+
203
+4. During installation, use a multimeter to check whether the voltage of each battery in the series is the same.
204
+
205
+If the voltage difference exceeds 1.0V, it may indicate a fault such as poor range, power cut-off at startup, or short charging time, which are often caused by battery cell issues.
206
+
207
+A protection board fault typically results in: inability to charge, or the battery has voltage but cannot discharge.
208
+
209
+
210
+
211
+
212
+## CN
213
+
214
+### 一、核心功能（最重要）
215
+
216
+#### 1️⃣ 安全保护（最核心）
217
+防止电池进入危险状态：
218
+- 过充保护（Overcharge）
219
+- 过放保护（Over-discharge）
220
+- 过流保护（Over-current）
221
+- 短路保护（Short Circuit）
222
+- 过温 / 低温保护（Over / Under Temperature）
223
+
224
+👉 **没有 BMS，锂电池是高度危险的**
225
+
226
+---
227
+
228
+#### 2️⃣ 电池状态监测（Monitoring）
229
+实时监控电池关键参数：
230
+- 单体电压（Cell Voltage）
231
+- 总电压（Pack Voltage）
232
+- 电流（Charge / Discharge Current）
233
+- 温度（Cell / MOS / 环境）
234
+
235
+---
236
+
237
+#### 3️⃣ 电量估算（SOC）
238
+- SOC（State of Charge，剩余电量）
239
+- 有时包含 SOH（State of Health，健康状态）
240
+
241
+👉 告诉系统 **“还剩多少电、还能不能用”**
242
+
243
+
244
+
245
+## BMS use guide note
246
+
247
+
248
+
249
+- To reliably start a power tool (for example an electric drill), use either 2 high‑current cells rated 10C–20C, or 4 cells rated 5C–10C in appropriate parallel/series combinations. Recommended cells: Sony VTC4, VTC4A, VTC5, VTC6. Use wiring capable of the current (use >2 mm² copper wire; do not use thin foil or traces).
250
+- On first-time assembly, charge the cells before use to ensure the pack provides output. Follow the wiring diagram exactly: connect 0 V, mid-point (4.2 V), and 8.4 V as shown. When soldering battery wires, avoid touching any board components and do not short the pack.
251
+- During initial soldering or while charging, whenever a single cell exceeds ~4.2 V the resistor labeled “430” on the board will heat as it bleeds/discharges the cell (it will stop heating when the cell discharges to ~4.19 V). If the “430” resistor becomes excessively hot (too hot to touch), immediately check for wiring errors.
252
+
253
+- 1.严格按图接线0V、4.2V、8.4V、12.6V，注意检查不要短路。
254
+- 2.串联3组电池时，请保证每组电池的电压一样，如果不一样，请单独充满每组电池再串联使用。放电测试时，电压下降较快的那组电池是差电池，请用好的替换掉。
255
+- 3.千万不要把好电池和差电池混在一起使用，新、旧电池也不能混在一起使用。
256
+- 4.成功启动电钻需要3个15C-20C的动力电池，或6个10C-15C的动力电池（普通的18650不能启动电钻！！！）。
257
+- 5.带有刷电机类的负载时，必须在电机的正负接线端并联一个无极性电容（耐压25V以上，容量10uF-100uF），防止电机产生的反向尖峰电压干扰保护板或击穿MOS管。
258
+
259
+
260
+
261
+
262
+
263
+## ref
264
+
265
+
266
+
267
+- [[battery-BMS]] - [[battery]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
battery-dat/battery-charger-dat/2026-05-20-02-37-25.png
... ...
Binary files /dev/null and b/battery-dat/battery-charger-dat/2026-05-20-02-37-25.png differ
battery-dat/battery-charger-dat/battery-charger-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,161 +1,167 @@
1
-# battery-charge-dat
2
-
3
-
4
-- [[battery-protector-1s-dat]] - [[battery-charger-1s-dat]] - [[battery-1s-dat]]
5
-
6
-- [[battery-protector-dat]] - [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[battery-pack-dat]]
7
-
8
-
9
-
10
-
11
-## info
12
-
13
-
14
-[[battery-protector-dat]] + all-S [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[injoinic-dat]]
15
-
16
-
17
-https://w.electrodragon.com/w/Category:Battery_Charge
18
-
19
-The most following charger options are for the lithium-ion battery
20
-
21
-- [[battery-charger-2s-dat]]
22
-
23
-
24
-- [[battery-1S-dat]] - [[battery-2S-dat]] - [[battery-3S-dat]] - [[battery-4S-dat]] - [[battery-5S-dat]] - [[battery-pack-dat]]
25
-
26
-
27
-- [[battery-BMS-dat]] - [[BMS-passive-dat]]
28
-
29
-- [[battery-pack-dat]]
30
-
31
-- [[fast-charge-protocols-dat]]
32
-
33
-- 1S common option == [[TP4056-dat]]
34
-
35
-
36
-- [[usb-sniffer-dat]]
37
-
38
-[[Coulomb-Counter-dat]] - [[battery-charger-dat]] - Coulomb Counter/Battery Gas Gauge - [[LTC4150-dat]] - [[linear-technology-dat]]
39
-
40
-
41
-
42
-## Board
43
-
44
-- [[OPM1193-dat]] - [[OPM1156-dat]]
45
-
46
-- [[OPM1093-dat]]
47
-
48
-
49
-
50
-
51
-
52
-## Compare
53
-
54
-| Type | Feature | charge-current |
55
-| ---------------- | --------------------------------- | -------------- |
56
-| TP5000 | Li-MnO2, LiFePO4(LFP) charger IC, | 0.5A |
57
-| [[MCP73831-dat]] | 0LED indicator | 0.5A |
58
-| TP4056 | Linear charging | ~1A |
59
-| TP4054 |
60
-
61
-- [[MCP73831-dat]] - [[MCP73871-dat]] - [[microchip-power-dat]]
62
-
63
-
64
-## Quick-Charge QC Options
65
-
66
-* FP6719 / FP6717 / FP6291 DC-DC Boost
67
-* PSC5415
68
-* ME2149
69
-* Solution - FP6601 + TPS61088
70
-QC Protocol Identify:
71
-* FM5888
72
-* LI4001 - LI4001是一款面向5V交流适配器的2A锂离子电池充电芯片。采用700KHz开关降压型转换器拓扑结构工作。LI4001包括完整的涓流充电、恒流充电、恒压充电、充电自动终止电路、自动再充电以及过流保护、短路保护电路。最大2A的可编程充电电流与简单的外围电路造就了一种能被嵌入在各种手持式应用中的小型化充电器。由于集成了温度保护、输入欠压闭锁，提高了芯片的应用可靠性。
73
-* BQ24170
74
-* TP5100 - 2A开关降压 8.4V/4.2V锂电池充电器芯片
75
-
76
-
77
-
78
-
79
-## Module LDO RTC
80
-request
81
-* MT2503 ED20 -> 1.1V RTC LDO
82
-* SIM800 -> 2.8V RTC LDO
83
-
84
-
85
-
86
-## voltage map
87
-
88
-| volt | composite | sum |
89
-| ---- | --------- | ----- |
90
-| 4.2 | 2 | 8.4V |
91
-| 4.2 | 3 | 12.6V |
92
-| 4.2 | 4 | 16.8V |
93
-| 4.2 | 5 | 21V |
94
-
95
-
96
-## battery cables
97
-
98
-- [[SM2.54-dat]] - [[CONN-cable-JST-dat]] - [[15EDGRKP-3.81mm-dat]] - [[XT-dat]] - [[cable-dat]]
99
-
100
-
101
-## 2S charger
102
-
103
-
104
-- [[battery-pack-dat]]
105
-
106
-![](2025-09-03-14-16-10.png)
107
-
108
-
109
-## test tools
110
-
111
-- [[internal-resistance-meter]] - [[capacity-meter-dat]]
112
-
113
-
114
-
115
-## lower current
116
-
117
-当BOOST连接时，充电电流从100ma增加到300ma，只有当电容容量大于500mAh时才可以连接（避免爆炸💥）。
118
-
119
-
120
-
121
-
122
-## chips
123
-
124
-- [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[natlinear-dat]]
125
-
126
-- [[tp-dat]]
127
-
128
-- [[MCP73831-dat]] - [[MCP73871-dat]] - [[microchip-power-dat]]
129
-
130
-- [[XL-dat]]
131
-
132
-## Chip Info
133
-
134
-- [[LTC4054-dat]] - [[MCP73831-dat]]
135
-
136
-[[TP-dat]] - [[TP4056-dat]] - [[TP5000-dat]] - [[TP4054-dat]] - [[TP4067-dat]]
137
-
138
-[[injoinic-dat]] - [[IP5306-dat]]
139
-
140
-- [[CN3722-dat]] - [[CN3768-dat]]
141
-
142
-- [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[BT24075-dat]] - [[TI-power-dat]]
143
-
144
-- [[TI-power-dat]]
145
-
146
-- [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[ETA-solutions-dat]]
147
-
148
-- [[CD42-dat]]
149
-
150
-
151
-- [[XL-dat]]
152
-
153
-- [[ismartware-dat]] - [[SW6124-dat]]
154
-
155
-- [[linear-technology-dat]]
156
-
157
-## ref
158
-
159
-- [[battery-dat]]
160
-
161
-- [[battery-charger]]
1
+# battery-charge-dat
2
+
3
+
4
+- [[battery-protector-1s-dat]] - [[battery-charger-1s-dat]] - [[battery-1s-dat]]
5
+
6
+- [[battery-protector-dat]] - [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[battery-pack-dat]]
7
+
8
+
9
+
10
+
11
+## info
12
+
13
+
14
+[[battery-protector-dat]] + all-S [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[injoinic-dat]]
15
+
16
+
17
+https://w.electrodragon.com/w/Category:Battery_Charge
18
+
19
+The most following charger options are for the lithium-ion battery
20
+
21
+- [[battery-charger-2s-dat]]
22
+
23
+
24
+- [[battery-1S-dat]] - [[battery-2S-dat]] - [[battery-3S-dat]] - [[battery-4S-dat]] - [[battery-5S-dat]] - [[battery-pack-dat]]
25
+
26
+
27
+- [[battery-BMS-dat]] - [[BMS-passive-dat]] - [[BMS-active-dat]]
28
+
29
+- [[battery-pack-dat]]
30
+
31
+- [[fast-charge-protocols-dat]]
32
+
33
+- 1S common option == [[TP4056-dat]]
34
+
35
+
36
+- [[usb-sniffer-dat]]
37
+
38
+[[Coulomb-Counter-dat]] - [[battery-charger-dat]] - Coulomb Counter/Battery Gas Gauge - [[LTC4150-dat]] - [[linear-technology-dat]]
39
+
40
+
41
+
42
+## Board
43
+
44
+- [[OPM1193-dat]] - [[OPM1156-dat]]
45
+
46
+- [[OPM1093-dat]]
47
+
48
+
49
+
50
+
51
+
52
+## Compare
53
+
54
+| Type | Feature | charge-current |
55
+| ---------------- | --------------------------------- | -------------- |
56
+| TP5000 | Li-MnO2, LiFePO4(LFP) charger IC, | 0.5A |
57
+| [[MCP73831-dat]] | 0LED indicator | 0.5A |
58
+| TP4056 | Linear charging | ~1A |
59
+| TP4054 |
60
+
61
+- [[MCP73831-dat]] - [[MCP73871-dat]] - [[microchip-power-dat]]
62
+
63
+
64
+## Quick-Charge QC Options
65
+
66
+* FP6719 / FP6717 / FP6291 DC-DC Boost
67
+* PSC5415
68
+* ME2149
69
+* Solution - FP6601 + TPS61088
70
+QC Protocol Identify:
71
+* FM5888
72
+* LI4001 - LI4001是一款面向5V交流适配器的2A锂离子电池充电芯片。采用700KHz开关降压型转换器拓扑结构工作。LI4001包括完整的涓流充电、恒流充电、恒压充电、充电自动终止电路、自动再充电以及过流保护、短路保护电路。最大2A的可编程充电电流与简单的外围电路造就了一种能被嵌入在各种手持式应用中的小型化充电器。由于集成了温度保护、输入欠压闭锁，提高了芯片的应用可靠性。
73
+* BQ24170
74
+* TP5100 - 2A开关降压 8.4V/4.2V锂电池充电器芯片
75
+
76
+
77
+
78
+
79
+## Module LDO RTC
80
+request
81
+* MT2503 ED20 -> 1.1V RTC LDO
82
+* SIM800 -> 2.8V RTC LDO
83
+
84
+
85
+
86
+## voltage map
87
+
88
+| volt | composite | sum |
89
+| ---- | --------- | ----- |
90
+| 4.2 | 2 | 8.4V |
91
+| 4.2 | 3 | 12.6V |
92
+| 4.2 | 4 | 16.8V |
93
+| 4.2 | 5 | 21V |
94
+
95
+
96
+## battery cables
97
+
98
+- [[SM2.54-dat]] - [[CONN-cable-JST-dat]] - [[15EDGRKP-3.81mm-dat]] - [[XT-dat]] - [[cable-dat]]
99
+
100
+
101
+## 2S charger
102
+
103
+
104
+- [[battery-pack-dat]]
105
+
106
+![](2025-09-03-14-16-10.png)
107
+
108
+
109
+## test tools
110
+
111
+- [[internal-resistance-meter]] - [[capacity-meter-dat]]
112
+
113
+
114
+
115
+## lower current
116
+
117
+当BOOST连接时，充电电流从100ma增加到300ma，只有当电容容量大于500mAh时才可以连接（避免爆炸💥）。
118
+
119
+
120
+
121
+
122
+## chips
123
+
124
+- [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[natlinear-dat]]
125
+
126
+- [[tp-dat]]
127
+
128
+- [[MCP73831-dat]] - [[MCP73871-dat]] - [[microchip-power-dat]]
129
+
130
+- [[XL-dat]]
131
+
132
+## Chip Info
133
+
134
+- [[LTC4054-dat]] - [[MCP73831-dat]]
135
+
136
+[[TP-dat]] - [[TP4056-dat]] - [[TP5000-dat]] - [[TP4054-dat]] - [[TP4067-dat]]
137
+
138
+[[injoinic-dat]] - [[IP5306-dat]]
139
+
140
+- [[CN3722-dat]] - [[CN3768-dat]]
141
+
142
+- [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[BT24075-dat]] - [[TI-power-dat]]
143
+
144
+- [[TI-power-dat]]
145
+
146
+- [[battery-charger-dat]] - [[ETA-solutions-dat]]
147
+
148
+- [[CD42-dat]]
149
+
150
+
151
+- [[XL-dat]]
152
+
153
+- [[ismartware-dat]] - [[SW6124-dat]]
154
+
155
+- [[linear-technology-dat]]
156
+
157
+## battery charger for multiple series
158
+
159
+![](2026-05-20-02-37-25.png)
160
+
161
+- [[conn-power-dat]]
162
+
163
+## ref
164
+
165
+- [[battery-dat]]
166
+
167
+- [[battery-charger]]
battery-dat/battery-pack-dat/battery-pack-build-dat/battery-pack-build-dat.md
... ...
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
9 9
10 10
![](2026-05-20-02-29-55.png)
11 11
12
-
12
+- [[conn-power-dat]]
13 13
14 14
## ref
15 15
battery-dat/battery-pack-dat/battery-pack-dat.md
... ...
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
29 29
30 30
- soldering by [[spot-welding-dat]]
31 31
32
+- [[battery-charger-dat]]
33
+
32 34
## accessories
33 35
34 36
- [[sensor-dc-voltage-dat]]
cable-dat/cable-power-dat/cable-power-dat.md
... ...
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
2 2
3 3
# cable-power-dat
4 4
5
+- [[conn-power-dat]] - [[cable-power-dat]]
6
+
7
+
5 8
- [[cable-XT-dat]] - [[cable-battery-dat]] - [[cable-AWG-dat]]
6 9
7 10
- [[battery-pack-materials-dat]] - [[cable-battery-dat]]