fab-dat/injection-molding-dat/injection-molding-dat.md
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1
+
2
+# injection-molding-dat
3
+
4
+- [[plastic-dat]]
5
+
6
+- 塑料柱
7
+- 加强筋
8
+- 加强柱 == boss
9
+- 一体成型
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/injection-molding-dat/injection-molding-dat.md
... ...
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1
-
2
-# injection-molding-dat
3
-
4
-- [[plastic-dat]]
5
-
6
-- 塑料柱
7
-- 加强筋
8
-- 加强柱 == boss
9
-- 一体成型
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
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mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/Shaft-dat/Shaft-Cross-Connector-dat/Shaft-Cross-Connector-dat.md
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1
+
2
+# Shaft-Cross-Connector-dat
3
+
4
+![](2025-12-06-13-03-51.png)
5
+
6
+
7
+## types
8
+
9
+cross connector 1
10
+
11
+![](2025-12-10-01-53-28.png)
12
+
13
+cross connector 2 - customized locker
14
+
15
+![](2025-12-12-12-37-18.png)
16
+cross connector 3 - purpose for water tube
17
+
18
+![](2025-12-12-12-37-08.png)
19
+
20
+
21
+## apps
22
+
23
+![](2025-12-10-01-52-10.png)
24
+
25
+![](2025-12-10-01-52-28.png)
26
+
27
+## ref
28
+
29
+- [[shaft-dat]]
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\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/Shaft-dat/Shaft-dat.md
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1
+# Shaft-dat
2
+
3
+
4
+
5
+
6
+## dimension
7
+
8
+- 8mm
9
+
10
+- 6mm - [[3d-printer-dat]]
11
+
12
+
13
+
14
+## smooth shaft accessories
15
+
16
+- [[shaft-limit-ring-dat]] == Hose clamp
17
+
18
+- [[shaft-coupler-dat]]
19
+
20
+- [[Shaft-Cross-Connector-dat]]
21
+
22
+![](2025-12-10-01-54-55.png)
23
+
24
+
25
+## tech
26
+
27
+- [[shaft-dat]] - [[shaft-waterproof-dat]] - [[waterproof-dat]]
28
+
29
+
30
+
31
+## Shaft cutting
32
+
33
+Is it dangerous to cut a 6 mm smooth shaft (steel) with an angle grinder?
34
+
35
+Yes. There are risks, especially in the following situations:
36
+
37
+1. High angle grinder speed
38
+
39
+Angle grinders typically run above 10,000 RPM. When cutting metal, if the workpiece is not clamped securely or the angle is wrong and the shaft rolls, this can cause:
40
+
41
+- Hand injury (kickback)
42
+- Workpiece ejection
43
+- Cutting wheel shattering (severe hazard)
44
+
45
+2. Round shaft is hard to secure
46
+
47
+A round shaft can roll or be grabbed by the wheel, which may lead to:
48
+
49
+- Disc jam
50
+- Thrown workpiece
51
+
52
+3. Cutting discs are unfriendly to small-diameter metal
53
+
54
+Cutting thin rods → easy to bite → can cause kickback
55
+
56
+How to make it safer
57
+
58
+- Use proper fixturing
59
+
60
+ Secure the shaft. Recommended:
61
+
62
+ - Use a bench vise (required)
63
+ - Wrap the clamped area with aluminum or wood to prevent slipping
64
+
65
+- Use a cut-off disc, not a grinding disc
66
+
67
+ Use a metal cut-off disc (thin cut-off). Do not use a grinding disc to sever the shaft.
68
+
69
+- Wear personal protective equipment
70
+
71
+ - Safety goggles
72
+ - Cut-resistant gloves
73
+ - Long sleeves
74
+
75
+- Avoid contacting the wheel side
76
+
77
+ Use only the thin cutting edge of the disc; do not apply side pressure.
78
+
79
+- Cut gently, do not force
80
+
81
+ Keep a steady motion; do not rock the shaft.
82
+
83
+
84
+
85
+## ref
86
+
87
+- [[rod-system-dat]]
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/Shaft-dat/shaft-coupler-dat/2025-12-10-02-15-17.png
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mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/Shaft-dat/shaft-coupler-dat/shaft-coupler-dat.md
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1
+
2
+# shaft-coupler-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+
6
+
7
+## L type coupler
8
+
9
+![](2025-12-10-02-15-17.png)
10
+
11
+![](2025-12-10-02-15-32.png)
12
+
13
+
14
+## Shaft Coupler
15
+
16
+A **shaft coupler** is a mechanical component used to **connect two rotating shafts**. It primarily functions to transmit torque while allowing for slight axial, radial, or angular misalignments.
17
+
18
+---
19
+
20
+### Types of Shaft Couplers
21
+
22
+#### 1. Rigid Coupler
23
+- **Features**: No elasticity, provides a solid connection, requires precise shaft alignment.
24
+- **Applications**: High-precision CNC machines, industrial machinery.
25
+
26
+#### 2. Flexible Coupler
27
+- **Features**: Can absorb slight misalignment, reduce vibration, and minimize impact.
28
+- **Common Types**:
29
+ - **Jaw Coupling** – Uses an elastomer insert to absorb vibrations; suitable for stepper and servo motors.
30
+ - **Bellows Coupling** – High torque transmission capability, ideal for precision applications.
31
+ - **Disc Coupling** – Used in high-speed and high-precision applications, such as robotics and aerospace.
32
+
33
+#### 3. Universal Joint (U-Joint)
34
+- **Features**: Allows for larger angular misalignment, commonly used for shafts that are not in perfect alignment.
35
+- **Applications**: Automotive drivetrains, heavy machinery.
36
+
37
+#### 4. Oldham Coupling
38
+- **Features**: Compensates for significant radial misalignment, commonly used in automation and 3D printing.
39
+
40
+---
41
+
42
+### Key Functions of Shaft Couplers
43
+✅ **Torque Transmission** – Connects the motor to the driven shaft for power transfer.
44
+✅ **Misalignment Compensation** – Allows slight shaft misalignment, reducing stress.
45
+✅ **Vibration & Shock Absorption** – Helps dampen vibrations and protect mechanical components.
46
+✅ **Equipment Protection** – Some couplers act as safety devices in case of overload.
47
+
48
+## ref
49
+
50
+- [[shaft-dat]] - [[shaft-coupler]] - [[shaft]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
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mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/Shaft-dat/shaft-limit-ring-dat/shaft-limit-ring-dat.md
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1
+
2
+# shaft-limit-ring-dat
3
+
4
+![](2025-07-08-17-48-24.png)
5
+
6
+
7
+limiter / position locker
8
+
9
+ID == 6 / OD == 12 / Thickness == 6
10
+
11
+![](2025-12-04-00-53-15.png)
12
+
13
+
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/Shaft-dat/shaft-supporter-dat.md
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1
+
2
+
3
+
4
+# shaft-supporter-dat.md
5
+
6
+![](2025-12-06-14-06-54.png)
7
+
8
+- [[rc-boat-dat]]
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\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/Shaft-dat/shaft-waterproof-dat/shaft-waterproof-dat.md
... ...
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1
+
2
+
3
+# shaft-waterproof-dat
4
+
5
+- [[shaft-dat]] - [[shaft-waterproof-dat]] - [[waterproof-dat]]
6
+
7
+## 4. Shaft and Linkage Sealing
8
+
9
+
10
+The servo horn/output shaft must exit the housing. Options:
11
+
12
+- **Magnetic coupling** to transfer motion without shaft penetration.
13
+
14
+
15
+- **Sealed rotary feedthrough** with O-ring.
16
+
17
+
18
+
19
+
20
+
21
+
22
+## ref
23
+
24
+- [[shaft-dat]]
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/carbon-rods-dat/carbon-rods-dat.md
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1
+
2
+# carbon-rods-dat
3
+
4
+**Carbon rods** (also called **carbon fiber rods**) are lightweight, high-strength structural components widely used in radio-controlled (RC) aircraft, gliders, multirotors, and other hobby models.
5
+
6
+---
7
+
8
+## 1. What Are Carbon Rods?
9
+Carbon rods are made from **carbon fiber strands** bonded together with epoxy resin.
10
+They are extremely **strong**, **rigid**, and **lightweight**, making them ideal for structural reinforcement in model aircraft.
11
+
12
+---
13
+
14
+## 2. Key Features
15
+- **High strength-to-weight ratio**
16
+- **Very stiff** (excellent for wings and fuselage reinforcement)
17
+- **Corrosion-resistant**
18
+- **Lightweight compared to metal rods**
19
+- **Does not warp with humidity or temperature changes**
20
+
21
+---
22
+
23
+## 3. Common Shapes
24
+1. **Solid round rods**
25
+ - Used for spars, pushrods, and general reinforcement
26
+2. **Hollow tubes**
27
+ - Lighter than solid rods, used for wing spars or long stiff beams
28
+3. **Flat strips (carbon plates)**
29
+ - Used to strengthen fuselage sides, wing trailing edges, or control surfaces
30
+
31
+---
32
+
33
+## 4. Typical Uses in RC Aircraft
34
+- **Wing spars** (main structural support inside the wing)
35
+- **Fuselage reinforcement**
36
+- **Tail boom structures**
37
+- **Control pushrods**
38
+- **Motor mounts** (for lightweight electric planes)
39
+- **FPV plane rigidity enhancement**
40
+
41
+---
42
+
43
+## 5. Advantages in RC Models
44
+- Provides **rigidity** without adding much weight
45
+- Greatly increases **structural strength**
46
+- Helps prevent wing flex at high speeds
47
+- Improves flight precision and durability
48
+
49
+---
50
+
51
+## 6. Adhesives and Bonding
52
+Compatible glues include:
53
+- **Epoxy**
54
+- **CA glue (foam-safe when used on foam models)**
55
+- **UHU POR** (for foam aircraft)
56
+
57
+Avoid using general hot-melt glue for critical structural joints — it adds weight and low bonding strength.
58
+
59
+---
60
+
61
+## 7. Common Diameters
62
+- **1mm – 3mm:** pushrods, small wings
63
+- **3mm – 6mm:** wing spars, fuselage reinforcement
64
+- **6mm – 10mm:** large wings and long FPV platforms
65
+
66
+## ref
67
+
68
+- [[rod-system-dat]] - [[materials-dat]] - [[carbon-rods-dat]]
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mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/rod-dat.md
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1
+
2
+# rod-system-dat
3
+
4
+- [[shaft-dat]]
5
+
6
+- [[PVC-tube-dat]]
7
+
8
+- [[carbon-rods-dat]]
9
+
10
+- [[stainless-steel-solid-tube-dat]]
11
+
12
+- [[stainless-steel-hallow-tube-dat]]
13
+
14
+- [[rod-system-dat]]
15
+
16
+- [[hinge-dat]] - [[rod-tie-dat]] - [[crank-dat]] - [[rod-dat]]
17
+
18
+- [[shaft-coupler-dat]]
19
+
20
+- [[stainless-steel-dat]] - [[stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat]] - [[metal-dat]]
21
+
22
+## size
23
+
24
+- 3mm [[ABS-dat]] [[shaft-dat]] - weak
25
+
26
+- 3mm [[stainless-steel-solid-tube-dat]] - [[shaft-dat]] - ?
27
+
28
+
29
+
30
+
31
+
32
+## common parts
33
+
34
+- [[shaft-limit-ring-dat]] - [[shaft-coupler-dat]]
35
+
36
+- [[flange-dat]]
37
+
38
+
39
+
40
+
41
+
42
+
43
+
44
+## compare
45
+
46
+| Feature | 3mm Solid Carbon Rod | 3mm Solid Stainless Steel Rod |
47
+|---------|--------------------|-------------------------------|
48
+| **Material** | Carbon fiber (reinforced with epoxy) | Stainless steel (commonly 304 or 316) |
49
+| **Density / Weight** | ~1.6 g/cm³ (lightweight) | ~8.0 g/cm³ (heavy) |
50
+| **Tensile Strength** | ~600–1000 MPa | ~500–700 MPa |
51
+| **Flexural Strength / Stiffness** | Very high stiffness (high modulus) | Lower stiffness compared to carbon |
52
+| **Impact / Shock Resistance** | Brittle, can snap under sudden impact | Tough, can bend under load without breaking |
53
+| **Corrosion Resistance** | Excellent (does not rust) | Good (resists corrosion, but can rust in harsh environments) |
54
+| **Weight-to-Strength Ratio** | Extremely high (very strong per gram) | Low (heavier for same strength) |
55
+| **Practical Notes** | Ideal for **lightweight reinforcement**, RC aircraft spars, hobby robotics | Better for **impact-heavy or load-bearing metal parts**, mechanical shafts |
56
+
57
+
58
+### Summary
59
+
60
+- **Carbon rod** is **much lighter** and very stiff; for **bending stiffness** or lightweight structure, it is stronger per weight.
61
+- **Stainless steel rod** is **heavier but tougher**; it can withstand impact and bending better without snapping.
62
+- **Conclusion:**
63
+ - For **lightweight RC planes, drones, or aerospace applications** → **3mm carbon rod** is preferred.
64
+ - For **mechanical shafts or parts under heavy impact** → **3mm stainless steel rod** is safer.
65
+
66
+
67
+
68
+
69
+
70
+## other
71
+
72
+cantilevel
73
+
74
+![](2025-12-10-02-17-22.png)
75
+
76
+tube cross locker
77
+
78
+![](2025-12-10-02-33-45.png)
79
+
80
+vertical tube connector == water pipe joint
81
+
82
+
83
+![](2025-12-10-02-45-20.png)
84
+
85
+
86
+## ref
87
+
88
+- [[mechanical-structure-dat]]
89
+
90
+- [[mechanical-structure]] - [[mechanics]]
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\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/rod-tie-dat/2025-12-06-13-44-22.png
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mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/rod-tie-dat/rod-tie-dat.md
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1
+
2
+# rod-tie-dat
3
+
4
+- [[hinge-dat]]
5
+
6
+![](2025-12-06-13-44-22.png)
7
+
8
+
9
+
10
+## Tie Rod vs Hinge
11
+
12
+| Feature | Tie Rod | Hinge |
13
+|-------------------------|--------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
14
+| **Function** | Transmits **tensile force** (pulling). | Allows **rotational movement** around a fixed axis. |
15
+| **Load Type** | Works under **tension**, rarely compression. | Works under **rotation**, may carry vertical/horizontal loads depending on design. |
16
+| **Movement Allowed** | Linear connection; **no rotation** at ends unless designed with joints. | Rotational; **connects two parts allowing pivoting**. |
17
+| **Typical Applications**| Structural reinforcement, suspension, kinematic linkages. | Doors, lids, flaps, robotic joints, mechanical linkages. |
18
+| **Example** | Car suspension tie rod, truss tie rod. | Door hinge, laptop hinge, robot elbow hinge. |
19
+
20
+### Key Difference
21
+- **Tie Rod:** Keeps parts **aligned and under tension**, preventing separation or spreading.
22
+- **Hinge:** **Connects two parts and allows rotation**, does not resist tension in a straight line.
23
+
24
+
25
+## ref
26
+
27
+- [[rod-system-dat]] - [[hinge-dat]] - [[rod-tie-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-dat/stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat/stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat.md
... ...
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1
+
2
+# stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat
3
+
4
+## 切割 **6 mm 不锈钢实心棒** 可用的工具（按安全 & 效率排序）
5
+
6
+### ✅ 最推荐（安全、切口好）
7
+1. **金属带锯（Metal band saw）**
8
+ - 最稳妥、反弹风险低
9
+ - 切口垂直、毛刺少
10
+ - 适合连续、多根切割
11
+
12
+2. **冷切锯 / 金属切割锯（Cold cut saw）**
13
+ - 使用 **不锈钢专用 TCT 锯片**
14
+ - 切口非常平整
15
+ - 速度快，但设备成本较高
16
+
17
+---
18
+
19
+### ⚠️ 可用（需注意操作）
20
+3. **角磨机 + 不锈钢切割片**
21
+ - 常见、便宜
22
+ - 切口粗，需要后续打磨
23
+ - ⚠️ 必须夹紧工件，戴护目镜
24
+
25
+4. **台式切割机（Cut-off saw / Chop saw）**
26
+ - 用 **不锈钢切割片**
27
+ - 噪音大、火花多
28
+ - 精度一般
29
+
30
+---
31
+
32
+### 🐢 手动 / 低速方案
33
+5. **手动弓锯（Hacksaw，24–32 TPI）**
34
+ - 成本最低
35
+ - 适合少量或精细控制
36
+ - 慢但安全
37
+
38
+- [[hand-Hacksaw-dat]] - [[tools-hand-dat]]
39
+
40
+
41
+6. **台钻 + 切割附件（不推荐为主方案）**
42
+ - 可行但效率低
43
+ - 对准和夹持要求高
44
+
45
+---
46
+
47
+## ❌ 不适合 / 不安全
48
+- ❌ **木工台锯**
49
+- ❌ **木工圆锯片**
50
+- ❌ **高速钢薄圆锯片（用于台锯/角磨机）**
51
+- ❌ **曲线锯（易断条）**
52
+
53
+---
54
+
55
+## 🔧 锯片 / 切割片选择要点
56
+- 标注：**Stainless Steel / Inox**
57
+- 切割片厚度：**1.0–1.2 mm**
58
+- 若用带锯：**14–18 TPI** 适合 6 mm 实心棒
59
+- 允许的话：**少量切削液** 可明显降温、延长寿命
60
+
61
+---
62
+
63
+## 一句话建议
64
+> **最佳选择：金属带锯**
65
+> **最普遍可行：角磨机 + 不锈钢切割片**
66
+
67
+## ref
68
+
69
+- [[grinder-angle-dat]]
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/2025-12-10-02-17-22.png
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1
-
2
-# PVC-tube-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-### PVC tube build
6
-
7
-| Outer diameter | thickness | length |
8
-| -------------- | --------- | --------- |
9
-| 6mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
10
-| 7mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
11
-| 8mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
12
-| 9mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
13
-| 10mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
14
-| 11mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
15
-| 12mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
16
-| 13mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
17
-| 14mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
18
-| 16mm | 2mm | [1 meter] |
19
-
20
-- [[pressure-dat]] - [[physics-dat]]
21
-
22
-- [[pressure-design-dat]]
23
-
24
-
25
-## PVC tube tools
26
-
27
-- [[cutter-dat]] special PVC tube cutter
28
-
29
-- [[glue-dat]]
30
-
31
-
32
-
33
-## water tube standard
34
-
35
-- 1/4
36
-- 1/8
37
-- 3/8
38
-- 1/2
39
-
40
-
41
-
42
-## PVC DN standard
43
-
44
-**DN** = **Nominal Diameter** (measured in millimeters, mm).
45
-It is a standardized naming system mainly used in ISO, European, and British pipe standards.
46
-
47
-### Meaning
48
-- **DN16** → Nominal Diameter **16 mm**
49
-- **DN25** → Nominal Diameter **25 mm**
50
-
51
-Note: DN is an approximate *reference size*. Actual inner and outer diameters vary by material and pressure rating.
52
-
53
----
54
-
55
-### Common Outer Diameters (Example: ISO / PPR / PVC Systems)
56
-
57
-| DN Size | Typical OD | Notes |
58
-|--------|-------------|-------|
59
-| **DN16** | ~20–25 mm OD | Small pipe for irrigation or household plumbing |
60
-| **DN25** | ~32–34 mm OD | Common water supply pipe size |
61
-
62
----
63
-
64
-### DN vs OD vs ID
65
-- **DN** → Naming size (not exact)
66
-- **OD** → Outer Diameter (actual measured size)
67
-- **ID** → Inner Diameter (depends on wall thickness)
68
-
69
-Example (PVC PN16):
70
-- DN25 → OD 32 mm
71
-- DN16 → OD 20 mm
72
-
73
-
74
-
75
-
76
-
77
-## PVC tube under hydrostatic pressure
78
-
79
-### Overview
80
-Quick reference for hydrostatic pressure effects on PVC tubes and why common PVC piping and joints are unsuitable for deep-water use.
81
-
82
-### Pressure basics
83
-- Water pressure increases by ~1 atmosphere (≈ 0.1 MPa) every 10 m of depth.
84
-- At 100 m depth the absolute pressure is roughly 11 atm ≈ 1.1 MPa.
85
-
86
-### Common PVC pressure ratings (internal pressure)
87
-- PN10: rated ~1.0 MPa (≈ 100 m water column)
88
-- PN16: rated ~1.6 MPa (≈ 160 m water column)
89
-
90
-Note: These ratings apply to internal-pressure tests (pipe containing pressurized fluid). External hydrostatic pressure (surrounding water pressing inward) is a different loading condition and can be more damaging.
91
-
92
-### Failure modes under external (deep-water) pressure
93
-- Wall collapse (pipe being crushed inward)
94
-- Deformation at solvent-welded joints
95
-- Micro-cracks or fissures forming near joints
96
-- Joint regions are mechanically weaker than the pipe body and typically fail first
97
-
98
-### Can ordinary PVC solvent-weld joints survive at 100 m depth?
99
-Short answer: No guarantee. Standard household PVC with solvent-welded joints is not suitable for long-term deep-water use.
100
-
101
-### Reasons
102
-1. Solvent-weld joint strength is usually lower than the pipe material itself — joints tend to fail first under high loads.
103
-2. Joints are vulnerable to deformation from external pressure — compression can open gaps in the sealed zone.
104
-3. PVC pipe material is not designed for sustained external hydrostatic compression — deep-water loads can produce micro-cracks or permanent deformation.
105
-4. Temperature fluctuations cause seal fatigue — large temperature changes (common in deep water) increase stresses at joints and accelerate failure.
106
-
107
-### Recommendation
108
-For DIY or household use, do not rely on PVC + solvent welding for sustained operation at ~100 m depth. Use purpose-built pressure housings, materials, and joining methods rated for external hydrostatic pressure
109
-
110
-
111
-
112
-
113
-
114
-## Connector
115
-
116
-
117
-![](2025-12-10-02-22-35.png)
118
-
119
-
120
-
121
-## ref
122
-
123
-- [[rod-system-dat]]
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\ No newline at end of file
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1
-
2
-# Shaft-Cross-Connector-dat
3
-
4
-![](2025-12-06-13-03-51.png)
5
-
6
-
7
-## types
8
-
9
-cross connector 1
10
-
11
-![](2025-12-10-01-53-28.png)
12
-
13
-cross connector 2 - customized locker
14
-
15
-![](2025-12-12-12-37-18.png)
16
-cross connector 3 - purpose for water tube
17
-
18
-![](2025-12-12-12-37-08.png)
19
-
20
-
21
-## apps
22
-
23
-![](2025-12-10-01-52-10.png)
24
-
25
-![](2025-12-10-01-52-28.png)
26
-
27
-## ref
28
-
29
-- [[shaft-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/Shaft-dat/Shaft-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
1
-# Shaft-dat
2
-
3
-
4
-
5
-
6
-## dimension
7
-
8
-- 8mm
9
-
10
-- 6mm - [[3d-printer-dat]]
11
-
12
-
13
-
14
-## smooth shaft accessories
15
-
16
-- [[shaft-limit-ring-dat]] == Hose clamp
17
-
18
-- [[shaft-coupler-dat]]
19
-
20
-- [[Shaft-Cross-Connector-dat]]
21
-
22
-![](2025-12-10-01-54-55.png)
23
-
24
-
25
-## tech
26
-
27
-- [[shaft-dat]] - [[shaft-waterproof-dat]] - [[waterproof-dat]]
28
-
29
-
30
-
31
-## Shaft cutting
32
-
33
-Is it dangerous to cut a 6 mm smooth shaft (steel) with an angle grinder?
34
-
35
-Yes. There are risks, especially in the following situations:
36
-
37
-1. High angle grinder speed
38
-
39
-Angle grinders typically run above 10,000 RPM. When cutting metal, if the workpiece is not clamped securely or the angle is wrong and the shaft rolls, this can cause:
40
-
41
-- Hand injury (kickback)
42
-- Workpiece ejection
43
-- Cutting wheel shattering (severe hazard)
44
-
45
-2. Round shaft is hard to secure
46
-
47
-A round shaft can roll or be grabbed by the wheel, which may lead to:
48
-
49
-- Disc jam
50
-- Thrown workpiece
51
-
52
-3. Cutting discs are unfriendly to small-diameter metal
53
-
54
-Cutting thin rods → easy to bite → can cause kickback
55
-
56
-How to make it safer
57
-
58
-- Use proper fixturing
59
-
60
- Secure the shaft. Recommended:
61
-
62
- - Use a bench vise (required)
63
- - Wrap the clamped area with aluminum or wood to prevent slipping
64
-
65
-- Use a cut-off disc, not a grinding disc
66
-
67
- Use a metal cut-off disc (thin cut-off). Do not use a grinding disc to sever the shaft.
68
-
69
-- Wear personal protective equipment
70
-
71
- - Safety goggles
72
- - Cut-resistant gloves
73
- - Long sleeves
74
-
75
-- Avoid contacting the wheel side
76
-
77
- Use only the thin cutting edge of the disc; do not apply side pressure.
78
-
79
-- Cut gently, do not force
80
-
81
- Keep a steady motion; do not rock the shaft.
82
-
83
-
84
-
85
-## ref
86
-
87
-- [[rod-system-dat]]
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1
-
2
-# shaft-coupler-dat
3
-
4
-
5
-
6
-
7
-## L type coupler
8
-
9
-![](2025-12-10-02-15-17.png)
10
-
11
-![](2025-12-10-02-15-32.png)
12
-
13
-
14
-## Shaft Coupler
15
-
16
-A **shaft coupler** is a mechanical component used to **connect two rotating shafts**. It primarily functions to transmit torque while allowing for slight axial, radial, or angular misalignments.
17
-
18
----
19
-
20
-### Types of Shaft Couplers
21
-
22
-#### 1. Rigid Coupler
23
-- **Features**: No elasticity, provides a solid connection, requires precise shaft alignment.
24
-- **Applications**: High-precision CNC machines, industrial machinery.
25
-
26
-#### 2. Flexible Coupler
27
-- **Features**: Can absorb slight misalignment, reduce vibration, and minimize impact.
28
-- **Common Types**:
29
- - **Jaw Coupling** – Uses an elastomer insert to absorb vibrations; suitable for stepper and servo motors.
30
- - **Bellows Coupling** – High torque transmission capability, ideal for precision applications.
31
- - **Disc Coupling** – Used in high-speed and high-precision applications, such as robotics and aerospace.
32
-
33
-#### 3. Universal Joint (U-Joint)
34
-- **Features**: Allows for larger angular misalignment, commonly used for shafts that are not in perfect alignment.
35
-- **Applications**: Automotive drivetrains, heavy machinery.
36
-
37
-#### 4. Oldham Coupling
38
-- **Features**: Compensates for significant radial misalignment, commonly used in automation and 3D printing.
39
-
40
----
41
-
42
-### Key Functions of Shaft Couplers
43
-✅ **Torque Transmission** – Connects the motor to the driven shaft for power transfer.
44
-✅ **Misalignment Compensation** – Allows slight shaft misalignment, reducing stress.
45
-✅ **Vibration & Shock Absorption** – Helps dampen vibrations and protect mechanical components.
46
-✅ **Equipment Protection** – Some couplers act as safety devices in case of overload.
47
-
48
-## ref
49
-
50
-- [[shaft-dat]] - [[shaft-coupler]] - [[shaft]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
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1
-
2
-# shaft-limit-ring-dat
3
-
4
-![](2025-07-08-17-48-24.png)
5
-
6
-
7
-limiter / position locker
8
-
9
-ID == 6 / OD == 12 / Thickness == 6
10
-
11
-![](2025-12-04-00-53-15.png)
12
-
13
-
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/Shaft-dat/shaft-supporter-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-
3
-
4
-# shaft-supporter-dat.md
5
-
6
-![](2025-12-06-14-06-54.png)
7
-
8
-- [[rc-boat-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/Shaft-dat/shaft-waterproof-dat/shaft-waterproof-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-
3
-# shaft-waterproof-dat
4
-
5
-- [[shaft-dat]] - [[shaft-waterproof-dat]] - [[waterproof-dat]]
6
-
7
-## 4. Shaft and Linkage Sealing
8
-
9
-
10
-The servo horn/output shaft must exit the housing. Options:
11
-
12
-- **Magnetic coupling** to transfer motion without shaft penetration.
13
-
14
-
15
-- **Sealed rotary feedthrough** with O-ring.
16
-
17
-
18
-
19
-## ref
20
-
21
-
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/carbon-rods-dat/carbon-rods-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-# carbon-rods-dat
3
-
4
-**Carbon rods** (also called **carbon fiber rods**) are lightweight, high-strength structural components widely used in radio-controlled (RC) aircraft, gliders, multirotors, and other hobby models.
5
-
6
----
7
-
8
-## 1. What Are Carbon Rods?
9
-Carbon rods are made from **carbon fiber strands** bonded together with epoxy resin.
10
-They are extremely **strong**, **rigid**, and **lightweight**, making them ideal for structural reinforcement in model aircraft.
11
-
12
----
13
-
14
-## 2. Key Features
15
-- **High strength-to-weight ratio**
16
-- **Very stiff** (excellent for wings and fuselage reinforcement)
17
-- **Corrosion-resistant**
18
-- **Lightweight compared to metal rods**
19
-- **Does not warp with humidity or temperature changes**
20
-
21
----
22
-
23
-## 3. Common Shapes
24
-1. **Solid round rods**
25
- - Used for spars, pushrods, and general reinforcement
26
-2. **Hollow tubes**
27
- - Lighter than solid rods, used for wing spars or long stiff beams
28
-3. **Flat strips (carbon plates)**
29
- - Used to strengthen fuselage sides, wing trailing edges, or control surfaces
30
-
31
----
32
-
33
-## 4. Typical Uses in RC Aircraft
34
-- **Wing spars** (main structural support inside the wing)
35
-- **Fuselage reinforcement**
36
-- **Tail boom structures**
37
-- **Control pushrods**
38
-- **Motor mounts** (for lightweight electric planes)
39
-- **FPV plane rigidity enhancement**
40
-
41
----
42
-
43
-## 5. Advantages in RC Models
44
-- Provides **rigidity** without adding much weight
45
-- Greatly increases **structural strength**
46
-- Helps prevent wing flex at high speeds
47
-- Improves flight precision and durability
48
-
49
----
50
-
51
-## 6. Adhesives and Bonding
52
-Compatible glues include:
53
-- **Epoxy**
54
-- **CA glue (foam-safe when used on foam models)**
55
-- **UHU POR** (for foam aircraft)
56
-
57
-Avoid using general hot-melt glue for critical structural joints — it adds weight and low bonding strength.
58
-
59
----
60
-
61
-## 7. Common Diameters
62
-- **1mm – 3mm:** pushrods, small wings
63
-- **3mm – 6mm:** wing spars, fuselage reinforcement
64
-- **6mm – 10mm:** large wings and long FPV platforms
65
-
66
-## ref
67
-
68
-- [[rod-system-dat]] - [[materials-dat]] - [[carbon-rods-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/rod-system-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-# rod-system-dat
3
-
4
-- [[shaft-dat]]
5
-
6
-- [[PVC-tube-dat]]
7
-
8
-- [[carbon-rods-dat]]
9
-
10
-- [[stainless-steel-solid-tube-dat]]
11
-
12
-- [[stainless-steel-hallow-tube-dat]]
13
-
14
-- [[rod-system-dat]]
15
-
16
-- [[hinge-dat]] - [[rod-tie-dat]] - [[crank-dat]] - [[rod-dat]]
17
-
18
-- [[shaft-coupler-dat]]
19
-
20
-- [[stainless-steel-dat]] - [[stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat]] - [[metal-dat]]
21
-
22
-## size
23
-
24
-- 3mm [[ABS-dat]] [[shaft-dat]] - weak
25
-
26
-- 3mm [[stainless-steel-solid-tube-dat]] - [[shaft-dat]] - ?
27
-
28
-
29
-
30
-
31
-
32
-## common parts
33
-
34
-- [[shaft-limit-ring-dat]] - [[shaft-coupler-dat]]
35
-
36
-- [[flange-dat]]
37
-
38
-
39
-
40
-
41
-
42
-
43
-
44
-## compare
45
-
46
-| Feature | 3mm Solid Carbon Rod | 3mm Solid Stainless Steel Rod |
47
-|---------|--------------------|-------------------------------|
48
-| **Material** | Carbon fiber (reinforced with epoxy) | Stainless steel (commonly 304 or 316) |
49
-| **Density / Weight** | ~1.6 g/cm³ (lightweight) | ~8.0 g/cm³ (heavy) |
50
-| **Tensile Strength** | ~600–1000 MPa | ~500–700 MPa |
51
-| **Flexural Strength / Stiffness** | Very high stiffness (high modulus) | Lower stiffness compared to carbon |
52
-| **Impact / Shock Resistance** | Brittle, can snap under sudden impact | Tough, can bend under load without breaking |
53
-| **Corrosion Resistance** | Excellent (does not rust) | Good (resists corrosion, but can rust in harsh environments) |
54
-| **Weight-to-Strength Ratio** | Extremely high (very strong per gram) | Low (heavier for same strength) |
55
-| **Practical Notes** | Ideal for **lightweight reinforcement**, RC aircraft spars, hobby robotics | Better for **impact-heavy or load-bearing metal parts**, mechanical shafts |
56
-
57
-
58
-### Summary
59
-
60
-- **Carbon rod** is **much lighter** and very stiff; for **bending stiffness** or lightweight structure, it is stronger per weight.
61
-- **Stainless steel rod** is **heavier but tougher**; it can withstand impact and bending better without snapping.
62
-- **Conclusion:**
63
- - For **lightweight RC planes, drones, or aerospace applications** → **3mm carbon rod** is preferred.
64
- - For **mechanical shafts or parts under heavy impact** → **3mm stainless steel rod** is safer.
65
-
66
-
67
-
68
-
69
-
70
-## other
71
-
72
-cantilevel
73
-
74
-![](2025-12-10-02-17-22.png)
75
-
76
-tube cross locker
77
-
78
-![](2025-12-10-02-33-45.png)
79
-
80
-vertical tube connector == water pipe joint
81
-
82
-
83
-![](2025-12-10-02-45-20.png)
84
-
85
-
86
-## ref
87
-
88
-- [[mechanical-structure-dat]]
89
-
90
-- [[mechanical-structure]] - [[mechanics]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/rod-tie-dat/2025-12-06-13-44-22.png
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mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/rod-tie-dat/rod-tie-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-# rod-tie-dat
3
-
4
-- [[hinge-dat]]
5
-
6
-![](2025-12-06-13-44-22.png)
7
-
8
-
9
-
10
-## Tie Rod vs Hinge
11
-
12
-| Feature | Tie Rod | Hinge |
13
-|-------------------------|--------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
14
-| **Function** | Transmits **tensile force** (pulling). | Allows **rotational movement** around a fixed axis. |
15
-| **Load Type** | Works under **tension**, rarely compression. | Works under **rotation**, may carry vertical/horizontal loads depending on design. |
16
-| **Movement Allowed** | Linear connection; **no rotation** at ends unless designed with joints. | Rotational; **connects two parts allowing pivoting**. |
17
-| **Typical Applications**| Structural reinforcement, suspension, kinematic linkages. | Doors, lids, flaps, robotic joints, mechanical linkages. |
18
-| **Example** | Car suspension tie rod, truss tie rod. | Door hinge, laptop hinge, robot elbow hinge. |
19
-
20
-### Key Difference
21
-- **Tie Rod:** Keeps parts **aligned and under tension**, preventing separation or spreading.
22
-- **Hinge:** **Connects two parts and allows rotation**, does not resist tension in a straight line.
23
-
24
-
25
-## ref
26
-
27
-- [[rod-system-dat]] - [[hinge-dat]] - [[rod-tie-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/rod-system-dat/stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat/stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat.md
... ...
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
1
-
2
-# stainless-steel-solid-rod-dat
3
-
4
-## 切割 **6 mm 不锈钢实心棒** 可用的工具（按安全 & 效率排序）
5
-
6
-### ✅ 最推荐（安全、切口好）
7
-1. **金属带锯（Metal band saw）**
8
- - 最稳妥、反弹风险低
9
- - 切口垂直、毛刺少
10
- - 适合连续、多根切割
11
-
12
-2. **冷切锯 / 金属切割锯（Cold cut saw）**
13
- - 使用 **不锈钢专用 TCT 锯片**
14
- - 切口非常平整
15
- - 速度快，但设备成本较高
16
-
17
----
18
-
19
-### ⚠️ 可用（需注意操作）
20
-3. **角磨机 + 不锈钢切割片**
21
- - 常见、便宜
22
- - 切口粗，需要后续打磨
23
- - ⚠️ 必须夹紧工件，戴护目镜
24
-
25
-4. **台式切割机（Cut-off saw / Chop saw）**
26
- - 用 **不锈钢切割片**
27
- - 噪音大、火花多
28
- - 精度一般
29
-
30
----
31
-
32
-### 🐢 手动 / 低速方案
33
-5. **手动弓锯（Hacksaw，24–32 TPI）**
34
- - 成本最低
35
- - 适合少量或精细控制
36
- - 慢但安全
37
-
38
-- [[hand-Hacksaw-dat]] - [[tools-hand-dat]]
39
-
40
-
41
-6. **台钻 + 切割附件（不推荐为主方案）**
42
- - 可行但效率低
43
- - 对准和夹持要求高
44
-
45
----
46
-
47
-## ❌ 不适合 / 不安全
48
-- ❌ **木工台锯**
49
-- ❌ **木工圆锯片**
50
-- ❌ **高速钢薄圆锯片（用于台锯/角磨机）**
51
-- ❌ **曲线锯（易断条）**
52
-
53
----
54
-
55
-## 🔧 锯片 / 切割片选择要点
56
-- 标注：**Stainless Steel / Inox**
57
-- 切割片厚度：**1.0–1.2 mm**
58
-- 若用带锯：**14–18 TPI** 适合 6 mm 实心棒
59
-- 允许的话：**少量切削液** 可明显降温、延长寿命
60
-
61
----
62
-
63
-## 一句话建议
64
-> **最佳选择：金属带锯**
65
-> **最普遍可行：角磨机 + 不锈钢切割片**
66
-
67
-## ref
68
-
69
-- [[grinder-angle-dat]]
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/tube-dat/tube-PVC-dat/2025-12-10-02-22-35.png
... ...
Binary files /dev/null and b/mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/tube-dat/tube-PVC-dat/2025-12-10-02-22-35.png differ
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/tube-dat/tube-PVC-dat/tube-PVC-dat.md
... ...
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
1
+
2
+# PVC-tube-dat
3
+
4
+
5
+### PVC tube build
6
+
7
+| Outer diameter | thickness | length |
8
+| -------------- | --------- | --------- |
9
+| 6mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
10
+| 7mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
11
+| 8mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
12
+| 9mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
13
+| 10mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
14
+| 11mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
15
+| 12mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
16
+| 13mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
17
+| 14mm | 1mm | [1 meter] |
18
+| 16mm | 2mm | [1 meter] |
19
+
20
+- [[pressure-dat]] - [[physics-dat]]
21
+
22
+- [[pressure-design-dat]]
23
+
24
+
25
+## PVC tube tools
26
+
27
+- [[cutter-dat]] special PVC tube cutter
28
+
29
+- [[glue-dat]]
30
+
31
+
32
+
33
+## water tube standard
34
+
35
+- 1/4
36
+- 1/8
37
+- 3/8
38
+- 1/2
39
+
40
+
41
+
42
+## PVC DN standard
43
+
44
+**DN** = **Nominal Diameter** (measured in millimeters, mm).
45
+It is a standardized naming system mainly used in ISO, European, and British pipe standards.
46
+
47
+### Meaning
48
+- **DN16** → Nominal Diameter **16 mm**
49
+- **DN25** → Nominal Diameter **25 mm**
50
+
51
+Note: DN is an approximate *reference size*. Actual inner and outer diameters vary by material and pressure rating.
52
+
53
+---
54
+
55
+### Common Outer Diameters (Example: ISO / PPR / PVC Systems)
56
+
57
+| DN Size | Typical OD | Notes |
58
+|--------|-------------|-------|
59
+| **DN16** | ~20–25 mm OD | Small pipe for irrigation or household plumbing |
60
+| **DN25** | ~32–34 mm OD | Common water supply pipe size |
61
+
62
+---
63
+
64
+### DN vs OD vs ID
65
+- **DN** → Naming size (not exact)
66
+- **OD** → Outer Diameter (actual measured size)
67
+- **ID** → Inner Diameter (depends on wall thickness)
68
+
69
+Example (PVC PN16):
70
+- DN25 → OD 32 mm
71
+- DN16 → OD 20 mm
72
+
73
+
74
+
75
+
76
+
77
+## PVC tube under hydrostatic pressure
78
+
79
+### Overview
80
+Quick reference for hydrostatic pressure effects on PVC tubes and why common PVC piping and joints are unsuitable for deep-water use.
81
+
82
+### Pressure basics
83
+- Water pressure increases by ~1 atmosphere (≈ 0.1 MPa) every 10 m of depth.
84
+- At 100 m depth the absolute pressure is roughly 11 atm ≈ 1.1 MPa.
85
+
86
+### Common PVC pressure ratings (internal pressure)
87
+- PN10: rated ~1.0 MPa (≈ 100 m water column)
88
+- PN16: rated ~1.6 MPa (≈ 160 m water column)
89
+
90
+Note: These ratings apply to internal-pressure tests (pipe containing pressurized fluid). External hydrostatic pressure (surrounding water pressing inward) is a different loading condition and can be more damaging.
91
+
92
+### Failure modes under external (deep-water) pressure
93
+- Wall collapse (pipe being crushed inward)
94
+- Deformation at solvent-welded joints
95
+- Micro-cracks or fissures forming near joints
96
+- Joint regions are mechanically weaker than the pipe body and typically fail first
97
+
98
+### Can ordinary PVC solvent-weld joints survive at 100 m depth?
99
+Short answer: No guarantee. Standard household PVC with solvent-welded joints is not suitable for long-term deep-water use.
100
+
101
+### Reasons
102
+1. Solvent-weld joint strength is usually lower than the pipe material itself — joints tend to fail first under high loads.
103
+2. Joints are vulnerable to deformation from external pressure — compression can open gaps in the sealed zone.
104
+3. PVC pipe material is not designed for sustained external hydrostatic compression — deep-water loads can produce micro-cracks or permanent deformation.
105
+4. Temperature fluctuations cause seal fatigue — large temperature changes (common in deep water) increase stresses at joints and accelerate failure.
106
+
107
+### Recommendation
108
+For DIY or household use, do not rely on PVC + solvent welding for sustained operation at ~100 m depth. Use purpose-built pressure housings, materials, and joining methods rated for external hydrostatic pressure
109
+
110
+
111
+
112
+
113
+
114
+## Connector
115
+
116
+
117
+![](2025-12-10-02-22-35.png)
118
+
119
+
120
+
121
+## ref
122
+
123
+- [[rod-system-dat]]
... ...
\ No newline at end of file
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/tube-dat/tube-copper-dat/tube-copper-dat.md
... ...
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
1
+
2
+# tube-copper-dat
3
+
4
+尺寸：外径*壁厚（单位：毫米mm）注意毫米！0.5M价格！
5
+
6
+| | OD (mm) | ID | wall thickness (mm) | L |
7
+| -------- | ------- | --- | ------------------- | ----- |
8
+| | 0.8 | | 0.15 | 0.5M |
9
+| | 0.8 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
10
+| | 0.9 | | 0.15 | 0.5M |
11
+| | 1 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
12
+| | 1 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
13
+| | 1 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
14
+| | 1.2 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
15
+| | 1.2 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
16
+| | 1.2 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
17
+| | 1.2 | | 0.4 | 0.5M |
18
+| | 1.3 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
19
+| | 1.5 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
20
+| | 1.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
21
+| | 1.5 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
22
+| | 1.5 | | 0.35 | 0.5M |
23
+| | 1.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
24
+| | 1.6 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
25
+| | 1.6 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
26
+| | 1.8 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
27
+| | 1.8 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
28
+| | 1.8 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
29
+| | 1.8 | | 0.4 | 0.5M |
30
+| | 1.9 | | 0.15 | 0.5M |
31
+| | 2 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
32
+| | 2 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
33
+| | 2 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
34
+| | 2 | | 0.35 | 0.5M |
35
+| | 2 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
36
+| | 2 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
37
+| | 2 | | 0.6 | 0.5M |
38
+| | 2.2 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
39
+| | 2.5 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
40
+| | 2.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
41
+| | 2.5 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
42
+| | 2.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
43
+| | 2.5 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
44
+| | 3 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
45
+| | 3 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
46
+| | 3 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
47
+| | 3 | | 0.4 | 0.5M |
48
+| | 3 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
49
+| | 3 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
50
+| | 3 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
51
+| | 3 | | 1 | 200mm |
52
+| | 3 | | 1 | 0.5M |
53
+| | 3.5 | | 0.15 | 0.5M |
54
+| | 3.5 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
55
+| | 3.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
56
+| | 3.5 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
57
+| | 3.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
58
+| | 3.5 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
59
+| | 3.5 | | 1 | 0.5M |
60
+| | 4 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
61
+| | 4 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
62
+| | 4 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
63
+| | 4 | | 0.4 | 0.5M |
64
+| | 4 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
65
+| | 4 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
66
+| | 4 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
67
+| | 4 | | 1 | 200mm |
68
+| | 4 | | 1 | 0.5M |
69
+| | 4.5 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
70
+| | 4.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
71
+| | 4.5 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
72
+| | 4.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
73
+| | 4.5 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
74
+| | 5 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
75
+| | 5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
76
+| | 5 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
77
+| | 5 | | 0.4 | 0.5M |
78
+| | 5 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
79
+| | 5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
80
+| | 5 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
81
+| | 5 | | 1 | 200mm |
82
+| | 5 | | 1 | 0.5M |
83
+| | 5 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
84
+| | 5.5 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
85
+| | 5.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
86
+| | 5.5 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
87
+| | 5.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
88
+| | 5.5 | | 1 | 0.5M |
89
+| | 6 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
90
+| | 6 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
91
+| | 6 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
92
+| | 6 | | 0.4 | 0.5M |
93
+| | 6 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
94
+| | 6 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
95
+| | 6 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
96
+| | 6 | | 1 | 200mm |
97
+| | 6 | | 1 | 0.5M |
98
+| | 6 | | 1.2 | 0.5M |
99
+| | 6 | | 1.5 | 200mm |
100
+| | 6 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
101
+| | 6 | | 2 | 0.5M |
102
+| | 6.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
103
+| | 6.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
104
+| | 6.5 | | 1 | 0.5M |
105
+| | 7 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
106
+| | 7 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
107
+| | 7 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
108
+| | 7 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
109
+| | 7 | | 0.75 | 0.5M |
110
+| | 7 | | 1 | 200mm |
111
+| | 7 | | 1 | 0.5M |
112
+| | 7 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
113
+| | 7 | | 2 | 0.5M |
114
+| | 7.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
115
+| | 7.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
116
+| | 7.5 | | 1 | 0.5M |
117
+| | 8 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
118
+| | 8 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
119
+| | 8 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
120
+| | 8 | | 0.4 | 0.5M |
121
+| | 8 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
122
+| | 8 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
123
+| | 8 | | 0.8 | 0.5M |
124
+| | 8 | | 1 | 200mm |
125
+| | 8 | | 1 | 0.5M |
126
+| | 8 | | 1.5 | 200mm |
127
+| | 8 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
128
+| | 8 | | 2 | 200mm |
129
+| | 8 | | 2 | 0.5M |
130
+| | 8.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
131
+| | 8.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
132
+| | 8.5 | 6.5 | 1 | 0.5M |
133
+| | 9 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
134
+| | 9 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
135
+| | 9 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
136
+| | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0.5M |
137
+| | 9 | 6 | 1.5 | 0.5M |
138
+| | 9 | | 2 | 0.5M |
139
+| | 9.5 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
140
+| | 9.5 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
141
+| | 9.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
142
+| | 9.5 | 7.5 | 1 | 0.5M |
143
+| | 10 | | 0.2 | 0.5M |
144
+| | 10 | | 0.25 | 0.5M |
145
+| | 10 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
146
+| | 10 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
147
+| | 10 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
148
+| | 10 | | 1 | 200mm |
149
+| | 10 | | 1 | 0.5M |
150
+| | 10 | | 1.5 | 200mm |
151
+| 10-7-1.5 | 10 | 7 | 1.5 | 0.5M |
152
+| | 10 | 6 | 2 | 200mm |
153
+| 10-6-2 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 0.5M |
154
+| | 10 | | 2.5 | 0.5M |
155
+| | 10 | | 3 | 0.5M |
156
+| | 11 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
157
+| | 11 | | 1 | 0.5M |
158
+| | 11 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
159
+| 11-7-2 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 0.5M |
160
+| | 12 | | 0.3 | 485mm |
161
+| | 12 | | 0.3 | 0.5M |
162
+| | 12 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
163
+| | 12 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
164
+| | 12 | | 0.8 | 0.5M |
165
+| | 12 | | 1 | 200mm |
166
+| | 12 | | 1 | 0.5M |
167
+| 12-9-1.5 | 12 | 9 | 1.5 | 200mm |
168
+| | 12 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
169
+| | 12 | 8 | 2 | 200mm |
170
+| | 12 | 8 | 2 | 0.5M |
171
+| | 12 | 6 | 3 | 0.5M |
172
+| | 13 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
173
+| | 13 | | 1 | 0.5M |
174
+| | 13 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
175
+| | 13 | 9 | 2 | 0.5M |
176
+| | 14 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
177
+| | 14 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
178
+| | 14 | | 1 | 200mm |
179
+| | 14 | | 1 | 0.5M |
180
+| | 14 | | 1.5 | 200mm |
181
+| | 14 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
182
+| | 14 | | 2 | 200mm |
183
+| | 14 | | 2 | 0.5M |
184
+| | 14 | 8 | 3 | 0.5M |
185
+| | 15 | | 0.5 | 200mm |
186
+| | 15 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
187
+| | 15 | | 1 | 200mm |
188
+| | 15 | | 1 | 0.5M |
189
+| | 15 | | 1.5 | 200mm |
190
+| | 15 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
191
+| | 15 | | 2 | 200mm |
192
+| | 15 | | 2 | 0.5M |
193
+| | 15 | | 3 | 0.5M |
194
+| | 16 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
195
+| | 16 | | 1 | 0.5M |
196
+| | 16 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
197
+| | 16 | | 2 | 0.5M |
198
+| | 16 | | 3 | 0.5M |
199
+| | 17 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
200
+| | 17 | | 1 | 0.5M |
201
+| | 17 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
202
+| | 17 | | 2 | 0.5M |
203
+| | 18 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
204
+| | 18 | | 1 | 0.5M |
205
+| | 18 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
206
+| | 18 | | 2 | 0.5M |
207
+| | 18 | | 3 | 0.5M |
208
+| | 19 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
209
+| | 19 | | 1 | 0.5M |
210
+| | 19 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
211
+| | 19 | | 2 | 0.5M |
212
+| | 20 | | 1 | 0.5M |
213
+| | 20 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
214
+| | 20 | | 2 | 0.5M |
215
+| | 20 | | 2.5 | 0.5M |
216
+| | 20 | | 3 | 0.5M |
217
+| | 21 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
218
+| | 21 | | 1 | 0.5M |
219
+| | 21 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
220
+| | 21 | | 2 | 0.5M |
221
+| | 22 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
222
+| | 22 | | 1 | 0.5M |
223
+| | 22 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
224
+| | 22 | | 2 | 0.5M |
225
+| | 22 | | 3 | 0.5M |
226
+| | 23 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
227
+| | 23 | | 1 | 0.5M |
228
+| | 23 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
229
+| | 23 | | 2 | 0.5M |
230
+| | 24 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
231
+| | 24 | | 1 | 0.5M |
232
+| | 24 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
233
+| | 24 | | 2 | 0.5M |
234
+| | 25 | | 0.5 | 0.5M |
235
+| | 25 | | 1 | 0.5M |
236
+| | 25 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
237
+| | 25 | | 2 | 0.5M |
238
+| | 25 | | 3 | 0.5M |
239
+| | 25 | | 5 | 0.5M |
240
+| | 26 | | 1 | 0.5M |
241
+| | 26 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
242
+| | 26 | | 2 | 0.5M |
243
+| | 26 | | 3 | 0.5M |
244
+| | 27 | | 1 | 0.5M |
245
+| | 27 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
246
+| | 27 | | 2 | 0.5M |
247
+| | 28 | | 1 | 0.5M |
248
+| | 28 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
249
+| | 28 | | 2 | 0.5M |
250
+| | 28 | | 3 | 0.5M |
251
+| | 29 | | 1 | 0.5M |
252
+| | 29 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
253
+| | 29 | | 2 | 0.5M |
254
+| | 30 | | 1 | 0.5M |
255
+| | 30 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
256
+| | 30 | | 2 | 0.5M |
257
+| | 30 | | 3 | 0.5M |
258
+| | 32 | | 1 | 0.5M |
259
+| | 32 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
260
+| | 32 | | 2 | 0.5M |
261
+| | 32 | | 3 | 0.5M |
262
+| | 35 | | 1 | 0.5M |
263
+| | 35 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
264
+| | 35 | | 2 | 0.5M |
265
+| | 35 | | 2.5 | 0.5M |
266
+| | 35 | | 3 | 0.5M |
267
+| | 38 | | 1 | 0.5M |
268
+| | 38 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
269
+| | 38 | | 2 | 0.5M |
270
+| | 40 | | 1 | 0.5M |
271
+| | 40 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
272
+| | 40 | | 2 | 0.5M |
273
+| | 40 | | 3 | 0.5M |
274
+| | 42 | | 1 | 0.5M |
275
+| | 42 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
276
+| | 42 | | 2 | 0.5M |
277
+| | 45 | | 1 | 0.5M |
278
+| | 45 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
279
+| | 45 | | 2 | 0.5M |
280
+| | 45 | | 3 | 0.5M |
281
+| | 48 | | 1 | 0.5M |
282
+| | 48 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
283
+| | 50 | | 1 | 0.5M |
284
+| | 50 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
285
+| | 50 | | 2.5 | 0.5M |
286
+| | 50 | | 3 | 0.5M |
287
+| | 55 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
288
+| | 55 | | 2 | 0.5M |
289
+| | 55 | | 3 | 0.5M |
290
+| | 60 | | 1 | 0.5M |
291
+| | 60 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
292
+| | 60 | | 2 | 0.5M |
293
+| | 60 | | 3 | 0.5M |
294
+| | 65 | | 1 | 0.5M |
295
+| | 65 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
296
+| | 65 | | 2 | 0.5M |
297
+| | 65 | | 3 | 0.5M |
298
+| | 70 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
299
+| | 70 | | 2 | 0.5M |
300
+| | 75 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
301
+| | 75 | | 2 | 0.5M |
302
+| | 75 | | 3 | 0.5M |
303
+| | 80 | | 1.5 | 0.5M |
304
+| | 80 | | 2 | 0.5M |
305
+| | 80 | | 3 | 0.5M |
306
+| | 85 | | 3 | 200mm |
307
+| | 90 | | 3 | 200mm |
308
+| | 100 | | 2.5 | 200mm |
309
+| | 100 | | 4 | 200mm |
310
+
311
+
312
+
313
+
314
+
mechanics-dat/mechanical-structure-dat/tube-dat/tube-dat.md