app-dat/home-plant-dat/full-spetrum-light-dat/full-spetrum-light-dat.md
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+# full-spetrum-light-dat
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+
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+# Why Do Plants Need Full-Spectrum Light?
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+
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+Plants need **full-spectrum light** for growth because it closely mimics natural sunlight, providing the essential wavelengths required for **photosynthesis and healthy development**. Here’s why full-spectrum light is important for plants:
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+
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+## 1. Covers All Necessary Wavelengths
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+- **Blue Light (400–500 nm)** → Stimulates vegetative growth, strong leaves, and root development.
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+- **Red Light (600–700 nm)** → Promotes flowering and fruiting.
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+- **Green Light (500–600 nm)** → Helps penetrate deeper into leaves for balanced growth.
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+- **UV Light (Below 400 nm)** → Enhances plant defense mechanisms and improves color and flavor in some plants.
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+- **Infrared (Above 700 nm)** → Encourages stretching and flowering.
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+
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+## 2. Mimics Natural Sunlight
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+- Since the sun provides a full spectrum of light, plants evolved to use all its wavelengths.
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+- Standard bulbs (like warm white LEDs or fluorescents) lack certain wavelengths, leading to weak or unbalanced growth.
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+
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+## 3. Supports Different Growth Stages
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+- **Seedlings & Vegetative Stage** → Needs more **blue light** for strong leaves and stems.
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+- **Flowering & Fruiting Stage** → Requires more **red and infrared light** to stimulate blooms and fruit development.
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+
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+## 4. Improves Plant Health & Yield
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+- A proper full-spectrum light helps plants grow **faster, healthier, and with better yields** compared to limited-spectrum lighting.
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+- Some plants, like leafy greens, grow well under **blue-dominant light**, while fruiting plants (like tomatoes) need **more red light**.
app-dat/home-plant-dat/home-plant-dat.md
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@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ The term "fresh air" for plants, in a technical sense, generally refers to an op
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- timing relay - [[mcu-relay]]
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+### light
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+- [[full-spetrum-light-dat]]
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## mechnical structure
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app-dat/quadcopter-dat/FPV-dat/2025-04-02-12-45-53.png
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app-dat/quadcopter-dat/FPV-dat/FPV-dat.md
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+# FPV-dat
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+
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+- [[quadcopter-dat]]
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+
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+- [[FPV-receiver-dat]]
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+
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+## Bee35
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+
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+
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+![](2025-04-02-13-14-05.png)
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+
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+![](2025-04-02-12-45-53.png)
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+
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+| version | price | description |
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+| -------------------------- | ----- | ------------------------------------- |
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+| Bee35 Pro O3 Air Unit TBS | 480 | O3 Air Unit, TBS radio |
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+| Bee35 Pro O3 Air Unit ELRS | 470 | O3 Air Unit, ELRS radio |
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+| Bee35 Pro O3 Air Unit PNP | 460 | O3 Air Unit, no receiver |
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+| Bee35 Pro | 270 | Standard analog version |
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+| Bee35 Pro LINK WASP TBS | 430 | LINK WASP digital system, TBS radio |
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+| Bee35 Pro LINK WASP ELRS | 420 | LINK WASP digital system, ELRS radio |
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+| Bee35 Pro LINK WASP PNP | 400 | LINK WASP digital system, no receiver |
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+| Bee35 Analog TBS | 306 | Analog FPV system, TBS radio |
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+| Bee35 Analog ELRS | 296 | Analog FPV system, ELRS radio |
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+
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+
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+
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+## commerialized FPV
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+
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+### 1. [SpeedyBee Flight Controllers & Stacks](https://speedybee.com/)
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+- **Brand:** SpeedyBee
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+- **Description:** Budget-friendly, Betaflight-supported flight controllers with easy app-based tuning.
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+- **Example Products:**
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+ - **SpeedyBee F405 V4 Stack** (F4-based, affordable)
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+ - **SpeedyBee F7 V3 Stack** (F7-based, powerful & feature-rich)
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+- **Commercial Features:**
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+ - Wireless **Bluetooth & Wi-Fi tuning** via SpeedyBee app.
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+ - Fully compatible with Betaflight Configurator.
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+- **Website:** [speedybee.com](https://speedybee.com/)
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+
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+---
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+
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+### 2. [TBS Tango 2 (Crossfire-Integrated Radio Controller)](https://www.team-blacksheep.com/)
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+- **Brand:** Team BlackSheep (TBS)
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+- **Description:** A high-performance FPV radio transmitter designed for **Betaflight-based drones** with **built-in Crossfire**.
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+- **Commercial Features:**
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+ - Fully optimized for **Betaflight & Crossfire**.
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+ - Compact, ergonomic design for FPV pilots.
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+- **Website:** [team-blacksheep.com](https://www.team-blacksheep.com/)
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+
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+
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+## opensource control projects
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+
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+# Most Famous Open-Source FPV GitHub Projects
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+
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+If you're looking for **open-source FPV (First-Person View) projects** on GitHub, here are some of the **most famous** ones:
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+
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+## 1. [Betaflight](https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight)
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+- **Description:** One of the most widely used open-source flight control firmware for FPV drones.
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+- **Features:**
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+ - Highly optimized for **acrobatic** and **racing drones**.
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+ - Supports a wide range of flight controllers.
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+ - Advanced **tuning options** for PID, filters, and motor control.
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+- **GitHub:** [github.com/betaflight/betaflight](https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight)
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+
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+---
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+
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+## 2. [iNavFlight](https://github.com/iNavFlight/inav)
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+- **Description:** A fork of Betaflight, but optimized for **GPS and long-range FPV**.
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+- **Features:**
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+ - Supports **GPS waypoint navigation, return-to-home (RTH), and mission planning**.
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+ - Designed for **freestyle and long-range cruising** rather than racing.
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+- **GitHub:** [github.com/iNavFlight/inav](https://github.com/iNavFlight/inav)
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+
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+---
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+
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+## 3. [ArduPilot](https://github.com/ArduPilot/ardupilot)
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+- **Description:** A professional-grade open-source autopilot for drones, including **FPV quadcopters, planes, and rovers**.
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+- **Features:**
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+ - **Highly autonomous** with advanced mission planning.
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+ - Works with multiple types of vehicles (planes, multirotors, helicopters).
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+ - Compatible with **Mission Planner** and **QGroundControl**.
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+- **GitHub:** [github.com/ArduPilot/ardupilot](https://github.com/ArduPilot/ardupilot)
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+
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+---
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+
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+## 4. [PX4](https://github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot)
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+- **Description:** A powerful open-source **flight control software** used in drones and FPV systems.
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+- **Features:**
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+ - Supports both **FPV racing drones** and **autonomous UAVs**.
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+ - Works with Pixhawk flight controllers and supports **ROS (Robot Operating System)**.
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+- **GitHub:** [github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot](https://github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot)
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+
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+---
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+
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+## 5. [FalcoX](https://github.com/FlightOne/FalcoX)
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+- **Description:** An alternative FPV flight control firmware focusing on **ease of use and smooth flight performance**.
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+- **Features:**
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+ - Intuitive configuration interface.
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+ - Aimed at both **freestyle pilots** and **racers**.
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+- **GitHub:** [github.com/FlightOne/FalcoX](https://github.com/FlightOne/FalcoX)
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+
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+---
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+
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+## 6. [ExpressLRS](https://github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS)
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+- **Description:** Open-source long-range **radio control link** for FPV drones, competing with Crossfire and ELRS.
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+- **Features:**
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+ - **Low latency and high refresh rates** (great for FPV racing).
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+ - Compatible with many radio transmitters (TBS, Jumper, Radiomaster).
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+- **GitHub:** [github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS](https://github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS)
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+
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+---
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+
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+## 7. [OpenHD](https://github.com/OpenHD/OpenHD)
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+- **Description:** Open-source **HD video transmission** for FPV drones (alternative to DJI HD systems).
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+- **Features:**
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+ - Uses **Raspberry Pi + WiFi** for HD FPV video streaming.
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+ - Supports OSD (On-Screen Display) and telemetry data.
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+- **GitHub:** [github.com/OpenHD/OpenHD](https://github.com/OpenHD/OpenHD)
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+
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+---
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+
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+## 🔥 Which One Should You Choose?
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+| Purpose | Best Open-Source Project |
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+| ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
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+| **Racing/Freestyle FPV** | [Betaflight](https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight) |
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+| **GPS & Long-Range FPV** | [iNav](https://github.com/iNavFlight/inav) |
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+| **Full Autopilot (Drones, Planes, Rovers)** | [ArduPilot](https://github.com/ArduPilot/ardupilot) |
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+| **Professional UAVs & Research** | [PX4](https://github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot) |
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+| **HD FPV Video Streaming** | [OpenHD](https://github.com/OpenHD/OpenHD) |
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+| **Long-Range Radio Links** | [ExpressLRS](https://github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS) |
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+
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+
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+
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+## standards
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+
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+### PNP stands for "Plug and Play."
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+
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+In the context of FPV drones, a PNP version means that the drone comes mostly assembled but does not include a radio receiver.
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+
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+Here's why it doesn't include a receiver:
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+
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+Flexibility: PNP versions cater to experienced FPV pilots who already have their preferred radio transmitter and receiver. This allows them to use their existing equipment and avoid paying for redundant components.
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+Customization: Pilots might have specific receiver requirements based on their radio system (e.g., TBS Crossfire, ELRS, FrSky). Offering a PNP version lets them choose the exact receiver that's compatible with their setup.
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+Cost Savings: By excluding the receiver, the manufacturer can offer the PNP version at a lower price point, making it attractive to those who don't need the included receiver.
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+In short, PNP versions are designed for users who want to use their own radio gear and prefer to avoid unnecessary costs or compatibility issues.
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+
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+
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+
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+## ref
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+
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+- [[FPV]]
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app-dat/quadcopter-dat/FPV-dat/FPV-receiver-dat/ELRS-dat/ELRS-dat.md
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+# ELRS-dat
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+## **ExpressLRS (ELRS) 2.4GHz Standard Explained**
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+**ExpressLRS (ELRS) 2.4GHz** is an open-source **long-range, low-latency radio control link** developed for FPV drones and RC applications. It offers **high performance, ultra-fast response times, and robust signal reliability** compared to traditional RC protocols like FrSky, Crossfire, and Ghost.
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+
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+---
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+
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+### **🔹 Key Features of ELRS 2.4GHz**
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+- **Ultra-Low Latency** (~5ms in high-speed mode).
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+- **Long-Range Performance** (Up to **30km+** with proper setup).
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+- **High Packet Rate (Up to 1000Hz)** for **smooth & responsive controls**.
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+- **Open-Source & Customizable** (Community-driven development).
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+- **Affordable Hardware** (Compared to Crossfire or Ghost).
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+- **Wide Compatibility** (Supported on many **radio transmitters & receivers**).
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+
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+---
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+
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+### **🔹 ELRS 2.4GHz vs. Other RC Links**
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+| Feature | ELRS 2.4GHz | TBS Crossfire | Ghost 2.4GHz | FrSky R9M |
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+| --------------- | ------------ | ------------- | ------------ | ----------- |
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+| **Frequency** | 2.4GHz | 900MHz | 2.4GHz | 900MHz |
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+| **Max Range** | ~30km+ | ~50km+ | ~15km | ~10-20km |
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+| **Latency** | 5-7ms | 15-50ms | ~4ms | ~20ms |
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+| **Packet Rate** | Up to 1000Hz | 50-150Hz | 500Hz | ~100Hz |
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+| **Open Source** | ✅ Yes | ❌ No | ❌ No | ❌ No |
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+| **Cost** | 💰 Affordable | 💰💰 Expensive | 💰💰 Expensive | 💰 Mid-Range |
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+
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+---
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+
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+### **🔹 ELRS 2.4GHz Modes & Performance**
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+| Mode | Packet Rate | Latency | Range |
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+| --------- | ----------- | ------- | --------------------- |
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+| **500Hz** | 500Hz | ~5ms | Short (~3km) |
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+| **250Hz** | 250Hz | ~7ms | Mid (~10km) |
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+| **150Hz** | 150Hz | ~10ms | Long (~20km) |
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+| **50Hz** | 50Hz | ~20ms | Extreme Long (~30km+) |
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+
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+🔹 **Higher packet rate = Lower latency, but reduced range**
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+🔹 **Lower packet rate = Higher range, but increased latency**
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+
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+---
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+
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+### **🔹 Recommended ExpressLRS 2.4GHz Hardware**
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+#### **🛠️ Transmitters (TX)**
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+- **RadioMaster Zorro ELRS 2.4GHz**
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+- **Jumper T20S (Built-in ELRS)**
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+- **Happymodel ES24TX Pro (External ELRS Module)**
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+- **BetaFPV ELRS Micro TX Module**
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+
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+#### **📡 Receivers (RX)**
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+- **Happymodel EP2 (Tiny, best for micro quads)**
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+- **BetaFPV ELRS 2.4GHz Nano RX**
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+- **Radiomaster RP1 / RP2 RX (Great range & reliability)**
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+
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+---
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+
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+### **🔹 Why Choose ELRS 2.4GHz?**
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+✅ **Best for FPV Racing & Freestyle** → **Low latency & fast response**
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+✅ **Perfect for Long-Range FPV** → **Good range at lower packet rates**
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+✅ **Affordable & Open-Source** → **Cheaper than Crossfire & Ghost**
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+
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+🚀 **If you need ultra-low latency for FPV racing or long-range performance at an affordable price, ExpressLRS 2.4GHz is the best choice!** 🔥
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+
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+
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+## ref
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+
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+- [[FPV-dat]]
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app-dat/quadcopter-dat/FPV-dat/FPV-receiver-dat/FPV-receiver-dat.md
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+# FPV-receiver-dat
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+- [[ELRS-dat]] - [[TBS-dat]]
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app-dat/quadcopter-dat/quadcopter-dat.md
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@@ -60,3 +60,6 @@ https://github.com/Edragon/cjmcu2
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- http://www.multiwii.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=12&t=4893&p=53317#p53317
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+## ref
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+
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+- [[quadcopter]]
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